Hypercalcemic hypercalciuria
Subcutaneous fat necrosis
Hyperparathyroidsim
Hypophosphatasia
Williams sysnrome
Vitamin D toxicity
Idiopathic infantile hypercalcemia
Highest positive predictive value for the development of fetal nephropathy
anteroposterior diameter of the renal pelvis in the transverse view
Chronic exposure to catecholamines
Leads to a decreased number of cardiac beta-adrenergic receptors
Chronic renal failure
GFR <15 cc/min/1.73m3
when are number of nephrons the same as adults
36 weeks
catecholamine and renal tubule
regulate Na/K ATPase enzyme on the basolateral membrane fo the renal tubule
Multicystic dysplastic kidney
US with echogenic kidneys containing multiple large cyts that are visible by 20 weeks’ gestaiton. (not visible to later in PCKD). Usually unilateral.
Autosomal recessive PCKD
mutations in PKHD1
AKI stages
0 - >0.5
1 - <0.5 for 6-12 h
2 - <0.5 for greater than 12h
3 - <0.3 for greater than 24 h or anuria for 12h
Lab findings with type 1 RTA
distal RTA
-hypokalemia
-hypocitrarturia
-hypercalciuria
-high urine pH with hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis with a normal anion gap
