Stats

Question 1

Likelihood ratio for positive result

Answer 1

sensitivity/(1-specificity)

Question 2

Likelihood ratio for negative result

Answer 2

Specificty/(1-senstivity)

Question 3

Confidence interval

Answer 3

Point estimate +/- (1.96 x SD/sqrt n)

Question 4

Kruskal Wallis

Answer 4

Comparing more than two medians (ordinal variables)

Question 5

Mann-Whitney U

Answer 5

comparing two medians

Question 6

Neonatal mortality

Answer 6

Death <28 days
(infant mortality is death <1yo)

Question 7

Perinatal mortality

Answer 7

Fetal death >28 weeks + death up to 7 days

Question 8

Clinical Trials

Answer 8

Phase 1: Establishing a safe range for dosing and documenting side effects
Phase 2: Assessing effectiveness of therapy and further assess safety
Phase 3: Comparing effectiveness against another therapy
Phase 4: tracking safety in general public,