research issues

Question 1

extraneous variables

Answer 1

any variable other than the IV that might have an effect on the DV if not controlled

Question 2

confounding variables

Answer 2

any variable other than the IV, that varies systematically with the IV, that may have affected the DV

Question 3

demand characteristics

Answer 3

any cue from the researcher/situation that may reveal the purpose of the investigation and lead to participants changing their behaviour

Question 4

investigator effects

Answer 4

any effect of the investigator’s behaviour on the research outcomes

Question 5

randomisation (fix)

Answer 5

the use of chance in order to control the effects of bias

Question 6

standardisation (fix)

Answer 6

the use of exactly the same formalised procedures and instructions for all participants