Respiration

Question 1

where is mitochondria the site of?

Answer 1

aerobic resp

(link reaction, krebs cycle, OP)

Question 2

what are cristae and how are they useful?

Answer 2

• fold in inner memb of mitoch
• inc surface area for OP

Question 3

what is a respiratory substrate?

Answer 3

any biological molecule that can be respired to release energy

Question 4

when are proteins only respired?

Answer 4

when no lipids / carbs

Question 5

link reaction

Answer 5

• pyruvate dehydrogenated and decarboxylated
• = acetate
• acetate combines with coA = acetylcoA
• CO2 formed
• NADH formed

Question 6

how many times does link reaction happen for 1 glucose mol?

Answer 6

2x

Question 7

define dehydrogenation?

Answer 7

removal of H mol

Question 8

define decarboxylation?

Answer 8

removal of CO2 mol

Question 9

krebs cycle

Answer 9

• matrix of mitochondria
• acetylcoA joins 4C comp = 6C comp
• 6C mol decarboxylated = 5C comp
• dehydrogenation
• substrate level phosphorylation
• 3 NADH, 1 FADH, 1 ATP, 2 CO2 formed

Question 10

what is substrate level phosphorylation?

Answer 10

creation of ATP without ATP synthase

• phosphate added to ADP from another mol

Question 11

oxidative phosphorylation

Answer 11

• electrons and protons rel from reduced coenzymes
• electrons flow along ETC
• in series of redox reactions
• electrons rel energy to join ADP and Pi = ATP
• oxygen = final electron acceptor - combines with electrons and protons = water
• OP makes most of ATP in resp

Question 12

where does glycolysis take place?

Answer 12

cytoplasm

Question 13

glycolysis in animals and bacteria

Answer 13

• glucose
• glucose phosphate
• hexose biphosphate
• 2 mol TP
• reduced to 2 pyruvate
• 2 lactate

Question 14

glycolysis in plants and yeast

Answer 14

• glucose
• glucose phosphate
• hexose biphosphate
• 2 mol TP
• 2 mol pyruvate
• 2 mol ethanal
• 2 mol ethanol

Question 15

what is needed for glycolysis?

Answer 15

NAD

Question 16

NAD is regenerated by..

Answer 16

reducing pyruvate