Respiratory System Anatomy

Question 1

Nasal concha

Answer 1

bony elements forming the upper chambers of the nasal cavities

Question 2

Eustachian tube

Answer 2

an opening that connects the middle ear with the nasal-sinus cavity.

• This tube helps to balance pressure in the middle ear

Question 3

Sinuses

Answer 3

Air pockets in skull

Question 4

Pharynx

Answer 4

Nose and mouth are connected

Question 5

Epiglottis

Answer 5

flap that covers the larynx when swallowing

Question 6

Larynx

Answer 6

• a hollow tube in the middle of your neck, just above your trachea (windpipe) and behind your esophagus. It makes it possible for you to make sounds, which is why it’s also called your voice box.
• attaches to hyoid bone

Question 7

Thyroid Cartilage

Answer 7

• on top of larynx
• Adam’s apple in males
• large shield shaped cartilage

Question 8

Cricoid Cartilage

Answer 8

• ring for intubation *movement
• below adam’s apple

Question 9

Trachea

Answer 9

• 4 -6 inches long
• made of tracheal cartilage

Question 10

Purpose of Cartilagenous Rings in Trachea

Answer 10

• keep the trachea open as it would otherwise naturally cave in

Question 11

Carina

Answer 11

• where trachea splits
• NEVER touch it because there is a cough trigger on it

Question 12

Bronchus

Answer 12

a passage or airway in the lower respiratory tract that conducts air into the lungs and split from mainstem bronchus which splits from trachea

Question 13

Boyle’s Law

Answer 13

a gas law, stating that the pressure and volume of a gas have an inverse relationship

Question 14

Diaphgram

Answer 14

muscle that is used for ventilation and is made of skeletal muscle

Question 15

When contracting or breathing in with your diaphgram, what happens to volume and pressure?

Answer 15

Volume increases
Pressure decrease

Question 16

When relaxing your diaphgram, what happens?

Answer 16

Volume decreases
Pressure increases

Question 17

Steps of Breathing

Answer 17

1. Nasal Cavity (nostrils to vestibules to concha(
2. Pharynx
3. Epiglottis
4. Larynx
5. Go down the trachea
6. Carina
7. Lungs
8. Diaphgram moves

Question 18

What does it mean if your trachea goes to one side?

Answer 18

Only one of your lungs is working

Question 19

Pleural Space

Answer 19

space between the ribcage and lungs

Question 20

Pressure in Pleural Space

Answer 20

So little space that there’s lower than atmospheric pressure (negative pressure)

Question 21

How many lobes does your right lung have?

Answer 21

3 lobes

Question 22

Why is the left lung smaller?

Answer 22

because of the space taken up by the heart that is above it

Question 23

What type of tissue lines alveoli?

Answer 23

Simple Squamous Epithelium

Question 24

What happens when the simple squamous epithelium become damaged?

Answer 24

if your capillaries burst your lungs fill up with blood

Question 25

Type II alveolar cells

Answer 25

secrete surfactant and antimicrobial proteins that prevents the suction of the moisture coating the lungs - cuboidal

Question 26

Why is water dangerous for the lungs?

Answer 26

It is sticky by nature so your alveoli will stick together or close

Question 27

Why is negative pressure needed for lungs?

Answer 27

to hold them up as they are only connected to the body at one point ; if there is anything that upsets the pressure, lungs collapse

Question 28

Pneumothorax

Answer 28

- a collapsed lung - occurs when air leaks into the space between your lung and chest wall