Rocks

Question 1

What is Igneous rock?

Answer 1

It is volcanic rock

Question 2

How is Igneous rock formed?

Answer 2

It is formed when magma cools and solidifies

Question 3

How is Sedimentary rock formed?

Answer 3

1) Rock deposits and fossils are deposited in the seabed
2) These mix with sand, seashells etc becoming cemented together to form rock
3) Bottom layers are compressed

Question 4

How is metamorphic rock formed?

Answer 4

Formed when igneous and sedimentary rocks are changed due to exposure to heat and pressure

Question 5

Upper Coralline Limestone/ Greensands Properties and uses

Answer 5

Permeable
Has hard and soft layers
Used in the building of roads

Question 6

Blue Clay Properties and Uses

Answer 6

Impermeable -meaning it does not let water pass through it-
Forms Perched Aquifers
Used in breakwater building and Pottery

Question 7

Globigerina Limestone Properties and uses

Answer 7

Permeable
Has 3 layers: 1 and 2 are fragmented. 3 is compact and cemented
Used to build houses

Question 8

Lower Coralline Limestone Properties and uses

Answer 8

Permeable
Hard
Used to build roads

Question 9

What are fossils?

Answer 9

The remains of organisms that were deposited on the seabed and buried by sediments

Question 10

Why can fossils be seen in Malta?

Answer 10

Due to tectonic activity, which uplifted the land

Question 11

What is Onion Skin weathering?

Answer 11

It is when a rock expands during the day due to the heat and then cools at night, causing it to contract. This process causes pieces of rock to fall off

Question 12

What is Biological weathering?

Answer 12

It is when organisms and plants move

Question 13

What is Chemical Weathering?

Answer 13

It is when a rock erodes/disintegrates due to chemical means

Question 14

What landscapes are formed by chemical weathering?

Answer 14

1) Garigue areas- Misrah Ghar Il-Kbir
2) Caves and Caverns- Tal-Mixta
3) Dolines and Karst Landscapes- Il-Maqluba

Question 15

What is Land Faulting?

Answer 15

It is a fractured zone or fractures between 2 rocks, allowing the blocks to move relative to each other.
E.g Maghlaq Fault