Scientific Method

Question 1

What is the Scientific Method?

• to showcase the different ___ of ____ based on different ____
• a ____ that contains ____ (#) steps
• done through the formulation of a _____ on the basis of f____ f____

Answer 1

• to showcase the different ways of observation based on different scientists
• a cycle that contains 7 steps
• done through the formulation of a hypothesis on the basis of few facts

Question 2

1st step (3 bullet points)
- o_____
- r_____
- know what _____ to ____

Answer 2

“Define the problem”
- observation
- realization
- know what questions to ask

Question 3

2nd step (2 bullet points)
- state ____ and ____
- know what _____ is/will be ____

Answer 3

“Statement of the problem”
- state clearly and concisely
- know what problem is/will be solved

Question 4

3rd step (1 bullet points)
- c___ and i____ the “____” from p______ ______

Answer 4

“Collect information”
- collect and identify facts from previous studies

Question 5

4th step (2 bullet points)
- e_____ g____
- to find the r_____ for the problem

Answer 5

“Formulate hypothesis”
- educated guess
- to find the reason for the problem

Question 6

5th step (2 bullet points)
- to obtain c___ and r___ data through _____
- “_____ EXPERIMENT” - most widely used design in p___, c____ and n____ sciences

*all possible factors that have bearing on the problem are not held/held constant— and manipulated one at a time in experiments

Answer 6

“Test hypothesis”
- to obtain clear and repeatable data through experimentation
- “CONTROLLED EXPERIMENT” - most widely used design in physics, chemistry, and natural sciences

*all possible factors that have bearing on the problem are held constant— and manipulated one at a time in experiments

Question 7

6th step (2 bullet points)
- g____ and o____ all data into correct g____, c____ or t____
- use appropriate s____ tools

Answer 7

“Correlation and interpretation of data”
- gather and organize all data into correct graphs, charts, or tools
- use appropriate statistical tools

Question 8

7th step
Hypotheses can be
- correct -> ____
- not supported by evidence -> _____ *

• This leads to more _____ asked and a new _____ formulated and tested.
  *Thus, it becomes a ____ from:
  -> ___ (o______ -> t______)
  -> ___ (t___ of why it went wrong -> o__)
  -> ___ (o______ -> t______ again)

Answer 8

“Drawing conclusions”
Hypotheses can be
- correct -> accepted
- not supported by evidence -> modified *

• This leads to more questions asked and a new hypothesis formulated and tested.
  *Thus, it becomes a cycle from:
  -> inductive (observations -> theory)
  -> deductive (theory of why it went wrong -> observations again)
  -> inductive (observations -> theory)