Refers to the future valued outcomes that we plan and hope to achieve.
Goals
2 types of goals
Goal that takes within a week or a span if several months.
Short Term
A process of establishing clear and usable targets or objects.
Goal Setting
Goals that take years.
Long term
Awareness of our cognitive processes.
Metacognitive
Ability to manage our behavior and environment to improve learning.
Self-regulation
2 goal orientation
Has an intrinsic focus on learning and on acquiring the abilities needed to master a challenging task or situation.
Mastery goal
Aims to exhibit our ability and competence.
It is also called performance goal orientation, which focuses on validating our competence through external rewards, such as praise and admiration from some other people.
Ability-Focused goal
Serve a as time-control mechanism that improves the effectiveness of goals
Deadline
Provides an evaluation of how well we are doing.
Motivates us to continue the good work or cautions us to make necessary adjustments to foster goal attainment.
Feedback
4 mechanism where goals affect performance.
One of the most well renowned living psychologist in the field of psychology.
A forerunner of Social Cognitive Theory of Learning.
Albert Bandura
Refers to one’s capability to organize and execute the courses of action required to manage perspective situations.
A thought of a task-specification of self-esteem.
Self Efficacy
2 types of self-efficacy
People feel confident that they can successfully take on certain task and more likely to take risk even though the process becomes challenging.
High self-efficacy
People easily give up in the face of difficulties.
Low sense of self-efficacy
4 ways/factors that contribute to one’s self-efficacy.
Also known as Personal Performance Accomplishment.
The key to mastering is to approach life with dedicated efforts and experimenting with realistic but challenging goals.
Mastery Experience
Also termed as Vicarious Learning.
Choosing role models that can demonstrate their self-efficacy.
Social Modeling
Is about finding the right mentor.
Having others directly influence one’s self-efficacy by providing opportunities for mastery experience in a safe and purposeful manner.
Social Persuasion
The physiological and emotional states we have while we are undertaking a certain task can affect not just our performance but also the beliefs, we have in ourselves.
States of Physiology
Emotions like fear and anxiety.
Strong Emotions