Spine

Question 1

The upper and lower vertebral notches of adjacent vertebrae meet to form the:
a. Transverse foramina
b. Central canal
c. Intervertebral foramina
d. Apophyseal joints

Answer 1

c. Intervertebral foramina

Question 2

The transverse processes of the sacrum join to form the:
a. Sacral promontory
b. Cornu
c. Sacral hiatus
d. Lateral masses

Answer 2

d. Lateral masses

Question 3

3. The supraspinous ligament continues into the cervical region as the:
   a. Ligamenta flava
   b. Alar ligament
   c. Ligamentum nuchae
   d. Longitudinal ligament

Answer 3

c. Ligamentum nuchae

Question 4

4. The most inferior portion of the spinal cord, located at approximately the level of
   the T12- L1, is called the:
   a. Cauda equina
   b. Filum terminale
   c. Sacral plexus
   d. Conus medullaris

Answer 4

d. Conus medullaris

Question 5

5. The brachial plexus arises from which ventral rami?
   a. C4-C7
   b. C5-C8 and T1
   c. C3-C7 and T1
   d. C5-C7 and T1-T3

Answer 5

b. C5-C8 and T1

Question 6

The erector spinae muscle group is the chief extensor of the vertebral column
and is arranged into which three vertical columns?
a. Iliocostalis, longissimus, and splenius
b. Iliocostalis, longissimus, and spinalis
c. Iliocostalis, multifidus, and splenius
d. Iliocostalis, multifidus, and spinalis

Answer 6

b. Iliocostalis, longissimus, and spinalis

Question 7

9. Where is the dorsal root ganglion located?
   a. Intervertebral foramen
   b. V ertebral foramen
   c. Transverse foramen
   d. Foramen magnum

Answer 7

a. Intervertebral

Question 8

Which of the following veins drain the vertebral bodies?
a. Anterior central vein
b. Posterior central vein
c. Anterior radicular vein
d. Basivertebral vein

Answer 8

d. Basivertebral vein

Question 9

Which line points to the pedicle?

Answer 9

D

Question 10

Which line points to the costovertebral joint, PEDICLE, LAMINA,

Answer 10

A, D, B

Question 11

How many vertebrae in the spine ?

Answer 11

33

Question 12

Which points to the pedicle?

Answer 12

C

Question 13

Which points to the body?

Answer 13

A

Question 14

Which points to the vertebral foramen?

Answer 14

B

Question 15

Which points to the lamina?

Answer 15

E

Question 16

Which points to the transverse process?

Answer 16

F

Question 17

Which points to the vertebral arch ?

Answer 17

G

Question 18

Which points to the spinous process?

Answer 18

D

Question 19

Which points to the pedicle?

Answer 19

C

Question 20

Which points to the vertebral body?

Answer 20

B

Question 21

Which points to the intervertebral foramen?

Answer 21

D

Question 22

Which of the following muscles consist of several short muscles that are located
in the grove between the transverse and spinous processes of the vertebrae?
a. Transversospinal muscles
b. Quadratus lumborum muscles
c. Psoas muscles
d. Semispinalis muscles

Answer 22

a. Transversospinal muscles

Question 23

8. Which of the following are termed the afferent (sensory) nerve roots?
   a. Spinal nerves
   b. V entral horns
   c. Dorsal roots
   d. Dorsal horns

Answer 23

d. Dorsal horns

Question 24

1. Which arrow points to the anterior longitudinal ligament?
2. Which arrow points to posterior longitudinal ligament?
3. Which arrow points to the nucleus pulposus?

Answer 24

1. E
2. D
3. F

Question 25

Which points to the occipital condyle?

Answer 25

B

Question 26

Which points to the odontoid process of C2?

Answer 26

A

Question 27

Which points to the atlantooccipital joint?

Answer 27

I

Question 28

Which points to the lateral mass of C1?

Answer 28

H

Question 29

1. Which points to the spinal cord? 2. Which points to the brachial plexus? 3. Which line points to the subclavian artery? 4. Which line points to the scalene muscle?

Answer 29

1. A 2. B 3. C 4. D

Question 30

Which vessels are located in the epidural space of the vertebral column? a. Basivertebral veins b. Internal venous plexus c. External venous plexus d. Great radicular vein

Answer 30

b. Internal venous plexus

Question 31

Which points to the vetebral artery?

Answer 31

F

Question 32

Which points to the Atlantoaxial joint?

Answer 32

G

Question 33

Which points to the atlantooccipital joint?

Answer 33

I

Question 34

Which points to the lateral mass of C1?

Answer 34

H

Question 35

Which of the following spinal ligaments extends across the vertebral foramen of C1 to form a sling over the posterior surface of the odontoid process? A. Alar ligament B. Supraspinous ligament C. Anterior longitudinal ligament D. Transverse ligament

Answer 35

D. Transverse ligament

Question 36

An expansive ligament that extends from the external occipital protuberance of the cranium to the spinous processes of the cervical vertebrae is the: A. Ligamentum nuchae B. Supraspinous ligament C. Transverse ligament D. Apical ligament

Answer 36

A. Ligamentum nuchae

Question 37

Which of the following contain the nerve cell bodies of the efferent (motor) neurons? a. Dorsal roots b. Dorsal horns c. Ventral roots d. Ventral horns

Answer 37

D. Ventral horns

Question 38

The largest branch of the lumbar plexus descending beneath the inguinal ligament is the: a. Phrenic nerve b. Femoral nerve c. Sciatic nerve d. Tibial nerve

Answer 38

B. Femoral nerve

Question 39

Which of the following arteries is formed just caudal to the basilar artery, by the union of two small branches of the vertebral arteries? a. Anterior spinal artery b. Posterior spinal artery c. Anterior radicular artery d. Posterior radicular artery

Answer 39

A. Anterior spinal artery

Question 40

1. Which arrow points to the trachea? 2. Which arrow points to the cricoid cartilage? 3. Which arrow points to the thyroid cartilage? 4. Which arrow points to the submandibular gland? | CORONAL NECK MRI

Answer 40

1. A 2. D 3. C 4. B

Question 41

There are ___________ pairs of spinal nerves that exit the spinal cord.

Answer 41

31 spinal nerves and 33 vertebrae

Question 42

The _______________ of the cervical vertebrae allow for the passage of vertebral arteres and veins as they ascend to and descend from the head.

Answer 42

Transverse foramina

Question 43

# MRA EXTRACRANIAL ARTERIES 1. Which arrow points to the internal carotid arteries? 2. Which arrow points to the external carotid arteries? 3. Which arrow points to the common carotid arteries? 4. Which arrow points to the vetebral arteries? 5. Which arrow points to the carotid bifurcations?

Answer 43

1. B 2. A 3. E 4. D 5. C

Question 44

The _____________ nerve is the largest nerve in the body.

Answer 44

Sciatic

Question 45

—————- veins drain the bodies of the vertebrae before joining the anterior and internal venous plexuses.

Answer 45

Basivertebral

Question 46

The conus medullaris is located at approximately the level of

Answer 46

T12 - L1

Question 47

Which of the following muscles are frequently referred to as strap muscles? a. Scalene b. Infrahyoid c. Suprahyoids d. Pterygoids

Answer 47

*b. Infrahyoid

Question 48

The _____________ arises from the ventral rami of C5-C8 and, T1

Answer 48

Brachial

Question 49

1. Which arrow points to the mandible? 2. which arrow points to the external juglar vein? 3. which arrow points to the submandibular gland? 4. which arrow points to the hyoid bone?

Answer 49

1. D MANDIBLE 2. A EXTERNAL JUGLAR VEIN 3. B SUBMANDIBULAR GLAND 4. C HYOID BONE