Surgery Flashcards

(39 cards)

1
Q

Primary survery saat perdarahan, untuk sirkulasinya bagaimana?

A
  1. Bebat tekan
  2. Resusitasi cairan
  3. Inj. obat
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2
Q

Holiday segar

A

1500 + (BB-20) x 20

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3
Q

Tx cairan preshock (tensi turun + nadi cepat)

A

Kristaloid 10-20 cc/kgbb (1 jam)

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4
Q

Tx cairan shock (tensi tidak terukur + nadi lemah)

A

Kristaloid 20 cc/kgbb (15 menit)

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5
Q

Gold standard Traumatic Brain Injury

A

CT Scan non kontras

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6
Q

GCS

A

Ringan: 13-15
Sedang: 9-12
Berat: <9

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7
Q

Perbedaan comusio & contusio

A

Comusio: CT normal, penkes <10 menit
Contusio: CT (salt and pepper), penkes >10 menit

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8
Q

EDH (culprit, karakter, ct)

A
  • A. Meningea media
  • Lucid periode
  • Hiperdens bikonveks/cembung/lentikular/lemon
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9
Q

SDH (culprit, karakter, ct)

A
  • Bridging vein
  • Late onset
  • Hiperdens bikonkaf/cekung/crescent/sausage/banana/semilunar

Kalasifikasi:
akut <7 hari
subakut 7-21 hari
kronik >21 hari

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10
Q

SAH (culprit, karakter, ct)

A
  • A. Vertebro basiler (berry aneurisma)
  • Thunderclap headache, meningeal (+)
  • Hiperdens star/stelata/sulci
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11
Q

ICH (culprit, karakter, ct)

A
  • A. cerebri
  • Gejala neurologis pada umumnya
  • Hiperdens di korteks di hemisfer cerebri
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12
Q

Tatalaksana TBI

A
  1. Semifowler
  2. ABCDE
  3. Simptomatis:
    • diazepam 10 mg bolus lambat
    • NINILABIL

Tepat?
Operatif
Manitol 20% 0,25-1 gr (30 menit
Alt: NaCl 3% 1meq/kgbb

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13
Q

Tx hematothorax

A

Awal:
Semifowler
ABCDE
Simptomatis

Tepat:
WSD
Chest tube

Definitif:
Torakotomi

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14
Q

Tx Flail chest

A

Awal:
ABCDE
Analgetik narkotik: lidocaine Inj.

Tepat:
ORIF

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15
Q

OPEN pneumothorax (gx & tx)

A

Luka terbuka dan sucking chest wound

Tx:
Plester 3 sisi

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16
Q

Tension/ventil pneumothorax (gx & tx)

A

Gangguan hemodinamik
TVJ meningkat
Deviasi trakea

Tx awal:
Needle decompression/thoracosintesis
ICS 5 linea midaxilaris anterior

17
Q

Pneumothorax sekunder

A

Ada penyakit paru sebelumnya

18
Q

Pneumothorax primer, sekunder dan simple tx

A

Definitif:
WSD / Chest tube
ICS 5 linea midaxilaris anterior

19
Q

Kelainan yang menyebabkan MUNTAH HIJAU pada anak

A

MEKONIUM < 24 JAM
atresia duodenum
atresia jejunum
atresia ileum

MEKONIUM >24 JAM
hirchsprung
atresia ani

20
Q

Kelainan yang TIDAK menyebabkan MUNTAH HIJAU pada anak

A

Atresia esofagus
HSP

21
Q

Anak ~> nyeri perut + riw. manuver abdomen/ diet tidak sesuai

A

Volvulus
Intususepsi/invaginasi

22
Q

Anak~> benjilan umbilicus

A

Omfalokel
Gastroschisis

23
Q

Tanda khas atresia esofagus

A

drooling
anak kelaparan
batuk/sianosis
FR: polihidramnion

24
Q

Px atresia esofagus

A

Pasang NGT: masuk <10cm/menggulung/coiled NGT

Foto abdomen/baby gram: glasses abdomen/no gasses in abdomen (radioopak dari diafragma ke bawah)

25
Tanda khas HSP (hipertrofi-stenosis pylori)
Massa seperti biji zaitun/olive sign
26
Px HSP
Tepat: 1. USG: lihat ketebalan pylorus 2. Barium meal: mushroom/umbrella/string/catterpillar 3. BNO: single bubble sign
27
Tx atresia esofagus & HSP
Awal: NDIAR Nutrect/puasa Dekompresi/NGT IVFD Antibiotik Rujuk Definitif: rujuk operasi
28
Anak muntah hijau diikuti dengan gejala
- Darm kontur - Darm steifung - Metalic sound (hiperperistaltik) - Distensi abdomen
29
Tanda khas atresia duodenum
BNO: double bubble sign Bisa BAB <24 jam setelah lahir
30
Tanda khas atresia jejenum
BNO: tripple bubble sign Bisa BAB <24 jam setelah lahir
31
Tanda khas atresia ileum
BNO: multiple bubble sign
32
Px atresia ani
Pemfi: anal dimple (+) 1. Baby jnee chest 2. Inventogram
33
Hasil baby knee chest atresia ani
Jarak udara dengan kulit anus Letak tinggi: >1 cm (KOLOSTOMI) Letak rendah: <1 cm (DITARIK)
34
Tanda khas hirchsprung
Ada lubang anus Anak sulit BAB TIDAK ada ganglion persarafan TIDAK ada pleksus mienterikus
34
Klasifikasi atresia ani berdasarkan tgejala klinis
LETAK RENDAH L: meconium staining di perineum P: fistula ke introitus vagina LETAK TINGGI L: fistula ke traktus urinarius P: kloaka (traktus urinaria, vagina, anus menyatu)
35
Px hirchsprung
Tepat: 1. Biopsi rektum (-) saraf 2. Barium enema: seperti corong / saw tooth irregularity / zona transisi 3. BNO: mega colon RT: Menyemprot? Letak rendah TIDAK? Letak tinggi
36
Tx atresia duodenum, jejenum, ileum, hirchsprung
NDIAR A: cefalosporin
37
Gold standard atresia bilier
Laparotomi kolangiografi
38