1
Q
what praticles do magnets attract
A
iron
2
Q
permanent magnets
A
magnets that keep its magnetism for a long time
3
Q
temporary magnent
A
object that is magnetised by a magnetic field but it loses its magnetism when the field is removed
4
Q
what are the 2 shapes of magnets
A
1= bar magnet
2= horse shoe magnet
5
Q
magnetic field
A
space in which magnetic effect is felt
5
Q
poles
A
the ends of a magnet where the forces are stronger
6
Q
colour of the ends of a permanent magnet
A
red + white
7
Q
same sides of a magnet ?
A
repel
8
Q
different sides of a magnet?
A
Attract
9
Q
how to store magnets?
A
in a box, in a safe place with keepers
10
Q
you shouldnt what with a magnet
A
drop, hit or heat them
11
Q
keepers
A
iron bars placed between
the poles of a permanent magnet to preserve magnetic strength by providing path ways for magnetic field lines between opposite poles
12
Q
recycling
A
converting used materials (waste) into products
13
Q
ferrous metals
A
metals that contain iron
14
Q
corrade
A
to rust or disintergrate because of certain conditions like water
15
Q
non-ferrous metals
A
metals that dont contain iron
16
Q
malleable
A
can be hammered/pressed into shape
17
Q
can ferrous metals rust?
A
yes, bc they contain iron
18
Q
e.g of ferrous metals
A
carbon steel, alloy steel, tool steel, wrought steel
19
Q
e.g of non-ferrous metals
A
copper, aluminium, zinc, lead, tin, magnesium
20
Q
what do electrical systems consist of
A
electrical energy source, electrical components, wires to allow electricity to flow
21
Q
voltage
A
cells ability to push
22
Q
higher voltage= ?
A
stonger push/ more energy
23
Q
conductors
A
material used to carry electricity through electrical circut
24
electrical energy
energy that flows through electrical circut
25
components
electrical parts in a circut
26
electromagnet
temporary magnet made by electrical current flowing through wire
27
soleniod
coil of wire in form of cyclinder that forms a magnet when electricity flows through it
28
crank
simple mechanism constiting of a lever/arm joined to one end of a rotating shaft, used to lift/move objects by changing rotary movement into linear movement
29
what class lever is the crank an adaption of
2nd class lever
30
pulley
simple mechanism constiting of a grooved wheel that turns on axle, with a cord/belt running through the groove
31
single pulley
a pulley with 1 wheel a
32
a pulley is a which class lever
1st class lever
33
compound pulley
pulley with 2 or more wheels
34
fixed pulley
pulley attached to a support (pole/beam)
35
moveable pulley
pulley that moves with the load
36
MA is to the __________ of pulleys used
number
37
MA
ability of tools to make it easier to work
38
Greater MA = ?
less effort needed
39
Refugee
someone who flees from danger in their country
40
Asylum
protection given by 1 country to the citizens of another
41
refugee leaves a country to find what
protection + shelter
42
Intial problems = ?
* sudden flight from home
* separation from family
* loss of belongings
43
basic needs = ?
* food (mostly provided by host country
* water (limited + unsafe)
* shelter ( overcrowded camps )
44
health and safety = ?
* diseases
* lack of medical care
* violence + explotation
45
Pyschological + social issues
* trauma from war
* lack of medical care
* loss of communitity
46
Economic challenges
* unemployment
* lack of money/reasources
* dependence on aid
47
Education
* interrupted schooling
* limited access to schools
48
who makes up most of the refugees
old people, children, women
49
what are the shelters that are most often used
tents
50
E.g of organisation (give 3)
red cross, rotary international, red cresent movement, the gift of the givers foundation
51
symptoms of cholera
cramps, vomiting, diarrohea
52
poverty
state of being poor, having little income to support yourself/family now or in the new future
53
xenophobia
intense fear/dislike of people from another country
54
economic crisis
situation in a country/area that expriences sudden change in its ability to support people to earn a living. (people lose their jobs + businesses close)
55
natural disasters
widespread destrucution of homes/farms/buildings which has been caused by nature
56
what are the 3 most common of SA natural disasters
* floods
* fires
* drought
57
enviromental deteration
the place where people live cant support them anymore because it has been damaged in some way
58
economic crisis = ______________ = __________
1. downturn in business
2. basic nessacities (bread) become expensive
59
SA people feel that refugees take ___________
jobs
60
What should food be like for refugees (8 answers)
* needs to provide
nutrients
* easy to prepare
* doesnt spoil easyily
* able to cook on fire
* famliar
* retatively cheap
* provided RDA for each
person
* ideally package in
waterproof+ resealable
packaging
61
What are the problems with transport of refugee food
* transport cost are high
* food is sometimes stolen on way to camps
62
storage of refugee food needs to be ?
* safe
* protected from theft,
spoilage, weather,
contamination
63
what are the problems with fuel + water for refugees
* avalibility
64
NGOs = ?
non - govermental oragnisations
65
nutrients
food/fuel that living people need to live and grow (protiens, vitamins, minerals, carbs)
66
UN
united nations
67
what does the UN aim towards
to keep peace, improve living standards and human rights throughout earth
68
WFP
world food program
69
what does the WFP try to prevent
malnutriotion + hunger
70
Fortified
with extra vitamins and minerals added to food
71
Reccomended daily allowance (RDA)
recommeded daily intake of nutrients and energy needed to mantain good health
72
chemicals
made by a chemist in a laboratory
73
durable
can be used for a long time
74
Fire resistants
cannot burn n
75
hazardous materials
substances that are extremely dangerous to touch/inhale
76
What is a propertie required in textiles for fire fighters
must be able to withstand high temps without burning
77
textiles
any cloth/fabric that has been knitted/woven
78
4 properties of Nomex
* strong
* durable
* melting point is higher
than 350
* comfortable
78
4 properties of kelvar
* extremely strong
* tough/durable
* doesnt wear or tear
* no melting point
79
What are the 4 types of fire fighting gear
* turnout/bunker gear
* wildfire suits
* hazmat suit
* fire proximity suits
80
What are the 3 layers of turnout/ bunker gear
1. Kelvar = outer layer ( fire
proof )
2. Nomex = middle lining
(protection from heat)
3. moisture barrier ( keeps
fighter dry)
81
Hazamat suits fabric is ?
* tough
* strong
* flexiable
* resistant to chemical
materials
82
Fire proximity suit is made from
outer layer is made from a metallic material that deflects heat
83
Vital Organs
organs essential to life
( heart, lungs, kidneys, liver)
84
Neoprene
flexiable, insulating material used to make wetsuits+ dry suits
85
Closed - foam cell
type of sponge with closed bubbles that cannot absorb water
86
NSRI
National sea rescue institute
87
Hypothermia syptoms ?
Shivering, hunger, nausea, slurred speach, confusion, body temp below 35
88
What are wetsuits made from
3mm of neoprene foam rubber
89
how do wetsuits keep people warm
they allow a layer of water between the body and the suit, which is then heated by the persons body heat. This keeps them warm
90
what is the first type of life jacket made out of
nylon and closed cell foam
91
why is the first type of life jacket diffucult to move in
it is bulky therefore diffucult to move in
92
what is the second type of life jacket
Crew Saver
93
how does the crew saver work
it automatically inflates when the person hits the water
94
where is the crew saver worn
far out at sea
95
foul weather gear
suit constisting of a jacket + pants made from waterproof + windproof fabric
96
what is foul weather gear also called
mustofoul weather gear
97
What are GORE-TEX pro shell propertities
* breathable
* Durable
* windproof
* waterproof
98
What are the properties neoprene
* watertight
* windproof
* flexiable
* contains gas cells
* acts as an inslulator
