- auditory areas - visual areas

- Inferior to sylvian fissure - Gustatory cortex - Auditory association cortex - Area under sylvian fissure - Gustatory cortex - Auditory association

- superior temporal cortex input from auditory, visual and somatic regions

- Lateral fissure - Parts of Heschl’s gyrus and superior temporal gyrus - Includes planum temporal - Roughly Brodmann areas 41, 42, and partially 22

- temporal lobe - memory and navigation - Alzheimer’s disease and other forms of dementia occur partly due to damage in this area of the brain, resulting in early symptoms including short term memory loss and disorientation - damage may result in inability to form and retain new memories - It also closely is related to other diseases such as epilepsy, schizophrenia, transient global amnesia and PTSD - However, the role of the hippocampus in complex brain networks, particularly its influence on brain-wide functional connectivity, is not well understood by scientists - Functional connectivity refers to the functional integration between spatially separated brain regions

- greater memory loss ad it progresses - often diagnosis happens at this stage - problems include: wandering and getting lost, trouble handling money and paying bills, repeating questions, taking longer to complete normal daily tasks, personality and behavior changes

Temporal Lobe Flashcards by Mikayla Schuett

the temporal lobe is ______ to the occipital lobe

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the temporal lobe is the tissue below the

lateral/sylvian fissure

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subcortical temporal lobe circuit limbic cortex connections?

amygdala
hippocamous
congulate cortex

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subdivisions of the temporal cortex (5)

lateral surface
insula
multimodal cortex
medial temporal cortex
TH and TF

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lateral surface

auditory areas

- visual areas

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Insula

Inferior to sylvian fissure
Gustatory cortex
Auditory association cortex
Area under sylvian fissure
Gustatory cortex
Auditory association

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Multimodal cortex

superior temporal cortex

input from auditory, visual and somatic regions

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medial temporal cortex

amygdala and adjacent cortex
hippocampus and surrounding cortex
fusiform gyrus

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TH and TF

parahippocampal

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Auditory cortex

Lateral fissure
Parts of Heschl’s gyrus and superior temporal gyrus
Includes planum temporal
Roughly Brodmann areas 41, 42, and partially 22

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connections of the temporal cortex

Afferent projections from sensory systems

- efferent projections to parietal and frontal association regions (limbic system and basal ganglia)

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left and right hemisphere connected by

corpus callosum

anterior commissure

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hierarchal sensory pathway

incoming auditory and visual information

stimulus recognition

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dorsal auditory pathway

auditory cortex

detection of spatial location /movement

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polymodal pathway

from auditory and visual areas to the polymodal cortex (STS)
stimulus categorization

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medial temporal projection

from auditory and visual areas to the medial temporal lobe, limbic cortex, hippocampal formation, and amygdala
performant pathway
memory

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frontal lobe projection

auditory and visual cortex to frontal lobe
movement control
memory
affect

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where has launched a brain imaging factory

china

50 automated imaging machines

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the hippocampus

temporal lobe
memory and navigation
Alzheimer’s disease and other forms of dementia occur partly due to damage in this area of the brain, resulting in early symptoms including short term memory loss and disorientation
damage may result in inability to form and retain new memories
It also closely is related to other diseases such as epilepsy, schizophrenia, transient global amnesia and PTSD
However, the role of the hippocampus in complex brain networks, particularly its influence on brain-wide functional connectivity, is not well understood by scientists
Functional connectivity refers to the functional integration between spatially separated brain regions

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University of Hong Kong Breakthrough Study

highlight the role of low frequency activity propagating along the hippocampal-cortical pathway, particularly its contribution to brain-wide functional connectivity and enhancement of sensory functions

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Is Alzheimers reversible?

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is Alzheimers a normal part of aging

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what is typical first symptom of Alzheimers

decline in non-memory aspects of cognition, such as visual/spatial issues, and impaired reasoning or judgment

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Mild Alzheimers

greater memory loss ad it progresses
often diagnosis happens at this stage
problems include: wandering and getting lost, trouble handling money and paying bills, repeating questions, taking longer to complete normal daily tasks, personality and behavior changes

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Moderate Alzheimers

- begin to have problems recognizing family and friends - may be unable to learn new things, complete multiple step tasks (getting dressed), or cope with new situations - hallucinations, delusions, paranoia and may be impulsive

Severe Alzheimers

- plaques and tangles spread throughout the brain and brain tissue significantly shrinks - cannot communicate and completely dependent on others care - Near the end, the person may be in bed most or all of the time as the body shuts down.

Alzheimers Diagnosis

- ask past medical problems, changes in behaviour or personality - conduct tests of: memory, problem solving, attention, counting, and language - do standard medical tests (blood, urine etc) - Perform brain scans (CT, MRI, PET)

Superior Temporal Sulcus (STS)

- separates the superior and middle temporal gyri - activated during perception of biological motion - cells in STS are maximally sensitive to movement of primate bodies that are moving in particular direction

Hasson and colleagues

- monitor activity with fMRI | - found activity in the auditory and visual regions in the temporal lobe in the STS, and cingulate regions

do dogs have preference for faces of human and dogs

yes

Tanks and colleauges

- cells in area TE require complex features for activation - cells with similar selectivity cluster in vertical columns - neuron specificity altered by experience

thatcher illusion shows

we have little experience with upside down face

what do humans spend most o their time staring at

faces

loudness

magnitude of sensation as judged by a given person

timpre

the distinctive characteristic of a sound

pitch

position of a sound on a musical scale (frequency)

right temporal lobe music processing

meter (beat)

left temporal lobe music processing

temporal groupoing for rythym

right temporal lobe extracts what from all sounds

- pitch (speech and music) | - "tone of voice", pitch, and speed

musicians have a larger volume of gray and and white matter in ________

Heschl's gyrus

left hemisphere is thought to be ...

analytic

right hemisphere is thought to be ...

artistic

symptoms of temporal lobe lesions

- Auditory disturbances (hallucinations, cortical deafness) - Disorders of musical perception - Impaired organization, recognition, and categorization - Inability to use contextual information - Memory problems - Altered personality and affective behavior - Altered sexual behavior

What is most common symptom of schizophrenia

auditory hallucinations

what do auditory hallucinations activate

primary auditory cortex | broca's area

Meier and French rest

which figure is different

Hidden figure test

find the figure in the shapes

complex figure test

as accurately as possible redraw the figure

mooney closure test

point to face in the figure

Astrocytoma

cancer of the brain

astrocytoma in temporal lobe

recall is disturbed

Wechsler Memory Scale

measure ability to recall main points and important part of story/conversation/situation

tumor of right temporal lobe

- visual memory deficit - difficulty with immediate recall - little recall after 10 minutes

stimulation of anterior and medial temporal cortex produces what feeling

fear

temporal lobe personality

- Personality that overemphasizes trivial and petty details of life - Pedantic speech: overly concerned about minute details. - Egocentricity - Perseveration - Paranoia - Preoccupation with religion - Proneness to aggression

temporal cortex functions

- processing auditory input - visual object recognition - long term storage of sensory storage

ventral stream

object recognition | from inferotemporal cortex to ventral striatum and other cortical areas

what area is responsible for categorization

area TE

affective processes

ability to react differently to different stimuli

___________ encodes places in space

hippocampus

superior central sulcus

detects biological motion

are faces special

yes

right temporal lesion

impaired pitch discrimination

right posterior superior temporal gyrus damage

impaired rhythm discrimination

Temporal Lobe Flashcards

(64 cards)