The cell

Question 1

Function of the mitochondria

Answer 1

Cellular respiration
Site of ATP synthase and storage
Abundant in cells that require large quantities of energy for example skeletal muscle fibres.

Question 2

Function of the Golgi apparatus

Answer 2

Stack of flattened sacs within the cytoplasm
Modification of proteins produced by the cell
Plays a part in formation of lysosomes.

Question 3

What is the function of the cytoplasm?

Answer 3

Fluid which fills the interior of the cell
Provides support
Nucleus and organelles found within the cytoplasm.

Question 4

What is the function of the nucleolus?

Answer 4

Takes up around 25% of the volume of the nucleus
Made up of proteins and RNA
Its main function is to rewrite the rRNA

Question 5

What is the function of the nucleus?

Answer 5

Surrounded by a nuclear membrane
Contains chromosomes
Also contains several nucleoli, where ribosomes are manufactured.

Question 6

What is the function of the nuclear envelope

Answer 6

The nuclear membrane, sometimes referred to as the nuclear envelope, is the membrane that encloses the nucleus
Made of lipids, and encases the genetic material in eukaryotic cells.
Made up of a double lipid bilayer
There are small holes in the nuclear membrane called the nuclear pores, and these pores allow content to move in and out of the nucleus.

Question 7

What is the function of the cell membrane?

Answer 7

Covers the surface of the cell, also called the plasma membrane
Responsible for separating the cell from its environment
Controls the passage of substances in and out of the cell
Composed of a phospholipid bilayer
Selectively permeable.

Question 8

What is the function of the RER?

Answer 8

Function is to transport the proteins which have been synthesised by ribosomes.

Question 9

What is the function of the centriole?

Answer 9

Rod like structures, found in pairs in centrosomes.
Involved in cell division.

Question 10

What is the function of the SER?

Answer 10

Does not have ribosomes on its surface
Network of membrane lined tubes
Functions include the synthesis and transport of lipids and steroids.

Question 11

What is the function of the vesicles?

Answer 11

Cellular organelle
Transports substances throughout the cell
Composed of a lipid bilayer
Phagocytising harming substances in the cell.

Question 12

What is the function of the ribosomes?

Answer 12

Cell structure that makes protein
Protein is needed for many cell functions such as repairing damage and directing chemical processes
Ribosomes can be found floating within the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum
The location of the ribosomes in a cell determines what king of protein it makes.