The Great War & Great Depression

Question 1

What were the M.A.I.N. causes of WW1?

Answer 1

• Militarism
• Alliance
• Imperialism
• Nationalism

Question 2

What was Militarism during WW1?

Answer 2

Industrial weapons of war, an arms race

Question 3

What was the alliance system?

Answer 3

A system designed to prevent war ended up, exacerbating it

Question 4

How did imperialism increase tensions before WW1?

Answer 4

Competition & rivalries over colonies

Question 5

How did nationalism lead to WW1?

Answer 5

Countries began seeking national independence, national glory, longstanding enmity against others

Question 6

What was the Spark that led to WW1?

Answer 6

• Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand was assassinated by a Serbian nationalist
• Austria declares war against Serbia, the dominoes fall

Question 7

What was “Total War”?

Answer 7

• Occurred in both world wars
• Entire national populations got behind the war effort

Question 8

What are some examples of entire national populations getting behind the War effort during WW1?

Answer 8

• More women in factories
• Labor unions make sacrifices for the national good
• Government propaganda to arouse citizens

Question 9

What were the 6 main principals of the Treaty of Versailles?

Answer 9

• Blame for the war is laid on Germany
• Germany loses its territory and is forced to pay reparations
• Germany’s military is drastically reduced in size
• League of Nations is created to prevent future wars
• Austria-Hungary is dissolved and new countries are created
• Ottoman Empire is dissolved and new countries are created

Question 10

What are 5 new countries that replace Austria-Hungary in the Treaty of Versailes?

Answer 10

• Austria
• Hungary
• Czechoslovakia
• Poland
• Yugoslavia

Question 11

What are 6 new countries that replaces the Ottoman Empire in the Treaty of Versailles?

Answer 11

• Turkey
• Jordan
• Iraq
• Lebanon
• Palestine
• Syria

Question 12

What are 3 things that occurred in the aftermath of WW1 not in Europe?

Answer 12

• Japan acquires territory from Germany (in Asia)
• US emerges as a global power
• Soldiers from European colonies gain military skills and a sense of nationalism

Question 13

What were the effects of WW1 for women?

Answer 13

• Women gained legal and labor rights from the war
• Suffrage in many democracies post-war
• Flappers who flouted on social & sexual conventions

Question 14

Who were flappers?

Answer 14

• Women that emerged after WW1
• Women with short hair
• Women who drank alcohol

Question 15

What were the causes of the Economic Crash of New York in 1929?

Answer 15

• American industrial overproduction
• Inability of Europe to purchase American goods
• Overinflated stock prices (speculation)
• Overuse of credit

Question 16

Why did the Economic Crash of New York in 1929 become a global crisis?

Answer 16

• Industrial production dropped, so demand for raw materials from Africa & Latin America dropped too

Question 17

What was the only major country not effected by the Economic Crash of New York in 1929?

Answer 17

The USSR

Question 18

What was the US response to the economic crash of 1929?

Answer 18

• Increased government spending to stimulate economic growth AKA Keynesian Economics
• The “New Deal” made by FDR which was sort of like democratic socialism

Question 19

How successful was the US response to the economic crash of New York in 1929?

Answer 19

Only somewhat successful

Question 20

What countries shared a similar response to the economic crash of New York in 1929 as the US?

Answer 20

• Britain
• Germany
• Japan

Question 21

What are characteristics of Facism?

Answer 21

• Anti-democratic
• Anti-communist
• Nationalist
• Violent & militarist
• Expansionist
• Cult of leaders hip

Question 22

What was Facism?

Answer 22

• Conservative & Reactionary - opposed to changes, social reforms, & feminism
• Emphasized National unity & a return to a mythic “traditional” culture
• Found eager audiences disillusioned by socialism, foreigners, & economic woes

Question 23

Who was politically in control of Italy during 1922 & most of the interwar period?

Answer 23

• Benito Mussolini & the “Black Shirts”

Question 24

How did Mussolini get in power?

Answer 24

He used coercion to convince the elected government to give him power

Question 25

What was Italy known as in 1922?

Answer 25

The New Roman Empire with Catholic traditions

Question 26

Who gained power in Germany in 1933?

Answer 26

Adolf Hitler, “Brown Shirts”& the Nazi Party

Question 27

What did the Nazis emphasize more than other facists?

Answer 27

Radical purity known as the “Teutonic” Ideal

Question 28

Who was used as scapegoats for why Germany lost WW1?

Answer 28

Jews and other minorities

Question 29

What was used to justify the German “Teutonic” ideal & the radical racial purity policies in Germany during the interwar period?

Answer 29

Social Darwinism

Question 30

What was Japan’s ideology in the Interwar period?

Answer 30

Not truly “Facist” but a gradual repression of left-leaning politicians, socialists, labor unions, communists, in the 1920s.

Question 31

When did facism accelerate in Japan?

Answer 31

- Accelerated in the 1930s due to stress of Great Depression

Question 32

What are two names that identify Japan’s ideology in the interwar period?

Answer 32

- Radical Nationalism - Revolutionary Right

Question 33

What was Japan’s Revolutionary Right led by?

Answer 33

- military officers in government

Question 34

How did Japan’s radical nationalism treat the emperor during the interwar period?

Answer 34

Glorified the emperor

Question 35

Who were the winners of WW1?

Answer 35

France, Britain, & the US (The Allied Powers)

Question 36

Who were the losers of WW1?

Answer 36

Germany, Austria-Hungary, & the Ottoman Empire (The Central Powers)