Therapy

Question 1

Humans can consciously control their choices and behavior.

People have an innate drive for growth and fulfillment.

Psychological problems arise when people are unable to trust their inner experiences, losing contact with their emotions, needs, and authentic selves.

Answer 1

Humanistic Therapy

Question 2

Goals of humanistic therapy

Answer 2

Promote natural personal growth by increasing:

Self-awareness

Self-acceptance

Insight into present-moment experience
Therapy helps clients reconnect with inner feelings and values to guide healthy decisions.

Question 3

Unconditional positive regard

Answer 3

Full acceptance without judgment.

Humanistic Therapist approach

Question 4

What do humanistic therapists demonstrate

Answer 4

unconditional positive regard
empathy
genuineness
reflection

Question 5

Behavior therapy assumes:

Answer 5

Disorders are not caused by deep unconscious conflicts.

Problem behaviors are learned through conditioning (classical or operant).

Behavior can be unlearned and replaced with healthier behavior using learning principles.

Question 6

Goal of behavior therapy

Answer 6

modify behavior by applying learning principles

Question 7

Exposure therapy

Answer 7

Used mainly for anxiety disorders.

Exposure: Facing feared object/situation without avoidance.

Gradual exposure: Move step-by-step up a fear hierarchy.

Response prevention: Blocking avoidance/compulsions so fear can extinguish.

Fear decreases through extinction (learning that the feared outcome does not occur).

Question 8

Systematic Desensitization

Answer 8

A type of exposure therapy using:

Counterconditioning: Pairing the feared stimulus with relaxation instead of anxiety.

Client learns relaxation (e.g., muscle relaxation).

Gradually imagines or encounters the feared stimulus while remaining relaxed.

Relaxation becomes the new conditioned response.

Question 9

ABC model in behavioral therapy

Answer 9

Functional Analysis:

A – Antecedents: What triggers the behavior

B – Behavior: The behavior itself

C – Consequences: What reinforces or punishes it

Increase behavior through reinforcement, decrease through punishment.
Used widely in behavior modification for children and adults.

Question 10

ABC model in cognitive therapy

Answer 10

A: Activating event

B: Belief (automatic thoughts)

C: Consequence (emotions/behavior)
Psychological disorders are caused by distorted beliefs and interpretations, not events themselves.
Beliefs are not unconscious, but clients are often unaware of them until explored.

Question 11

Goal of Cognitive therapy

Answer 11

Change maladaptive beliefs (B’s) to improve emotions and behaviors.
Clients learn to:

Identify distortions

Evaluate evidence- treat beliefs as hypotheses

Replace unrealistic thoughts with more accurate ones
Often combined with behavior strategies (e.g., exposure).

Question 12

Cognitive therapy technique- behavioral experiments

Answer 12

• client tests beliefs as though they are hypotheses
  -goal of gathering real-world evidence to challenge inaccurate thoughts

identify and change cognitive distortions

Question 13

Goal of Humanistic Therapy

Answer 13

Increase self-awareness and promote personal growth by helping clients access their true feelings and values.

Question 14

Goal of Behavior Therapy

Answer 14

Change maladaptive behaviors using learning principles (classical + operant conditioning).

Question 15

Goal of Exposure Therapy

Answer 15

Reduce fear by confronting the feared object/situation until anxiety decreases.

Question 16

Goal of Systematic Desensitization

Answer 16

Pair relaxation with feared stimuli to replace fear with calm.

classical conditioning, create a conditioned response

Question 17

Humanistic theory of how disorders develop

Answer 17

-people can consciously control their behavior

-people have nautral tendencies to growth, therapists is helping them find their authentic self

Question 18

Focus of humanistic theriapies

Answer 18

Focus on the present and finding meaning

Question 19

Humanistic therapies techniques

Answer 19

Phenomenological method - the client’s ongoing experience in the moment is the main source of information

-focus on how the client perceives the world

Question 20

Humanistic therapist quality - Reflection

Answer 20

the therapist communicates an understanding of messages

Question 21

Behavior therapy- Theory of how disorders develop

Answer 21

no underlying disorder, behavior is the problem

Question 22

How do we know therapy works

Answer 22

Experimental design
- randomly assign people to control groups and groups that get the new treatment

• outcome is measured by objective observers