Why did the NP win the 1948 elections?
UP policies
NP policies
Election tactics - NP focused on countryside areas dominated by Afrikaners
Failures of the UP - had lost support due to support of GB in war
What were the NP party policies
Promised apartheid
increased protection for Afrikaners
Nationalist outlook
Fear of Swart Gevaar
Who was Malan
the first Prime Minister under the NP
Who was Verwoerd
The Minister of Native Affairs
his job was to implement Apartheid
believed in separate development and the tribal system
What were the aims of implementing the Apartheid laws
to keep races separate
to control the numbers of Africans in the cities
to stay in power
to protect Afrikaner farmers in the countryside
When and what was the Population Registration Act
1950
everyone had to register
made classification of races easier
all were issued with an identity card
When and what was the Group Areas Act
1950
designated a particular area for occupation by one particular ethnic group
responsible for the forced eviction of 3.5 million Africans
What was SA like before 1948
BA pop of 7,830,559
White pop of 2,372,044
Indian pop of 285,260
pass laws - law that required non whites to carry documents authorizing their presence in restricted ares
BA lived either in single sex barracks or townships in the cities or in a pastoral environment
BA used as cheap labour
Tribal reserves were overcrowded and poor
How did the NP strengthen its position
it increased Afrikaner influence in the state apparatus = less opposition
Broederbond = gov decisions made in favour of Afrikaner interests
Extension of voters - gov created 6 more seats in Nationalist areas = bigger majority
Disenfranchisement of coloured voters = removed opposition
What problems were the NP facing before the 1948 election
the UP was more popular
British people dominated industry so had more power
white minority, black majority
What percentage of the popular vote did the NP and UP win
NP - 401,834 (37.7%)
UP - 524,230 (49.2%)
How many seats did the NP and UP win
NP - 79
UP - 71
What principles was Apartheid based on
SA comprised of 4 racial groups
White people were the civilsed race and were entitled to absolute power
whites were the majority group
the interests of whites should prevail
What was Grand Apartheid
the overall policy to keep the different races as seperate as possible
What was petty apartheid
the day to day restrictions
When and what was the Bantu Authorities Act
1951
The only place BA were entitled to live were their tribal reserves
tribal reserves were to be governed by tribal leaders chosen by the gov
When and what was the Promotion of Bantu Self Government Act
1959
Set up 8 self governing homelands for BA to be citizens of
when and what was the Extension of Universities act
1959
the four English language universities were banned from accepting BA students
When and what was the Pass Laws: The Native Laws Ammendement Act
1952
standardised the use of passes for all Africans
officially abolished existing passes and replaced them with reference books
BA could not remain in urban areas for 70 hours after their permits expired
What acts enforced the separation of races
Population Registration Act 1950
Group Areas Act 1950
Bantu Authorities Act 1951
Bantu Self Government Act 1959
Extension of Universities Act 1953
What acts enforced the control of Africans in cities
Pass Laws: The Native Laws Amendment Act 1952
The Group Areas Act 1950
What act protected Afrikaner farmers 1951
Bantu Authorities Act 1951
when and what was the Bantu Education Act
1953
setting of a limited, vocation based curricula for BA students and shut down state subsidies for church runs schools
When and what was the Suppression of Communism Act
1950
banned communism
