mendels first law
alleles of a single gene segregate independently from each other
mendels second law
alleles of different genes segregate independently of each other
homologs cross over when
prophase 1
meiosis produces what chromatids at the end
4 chromatics all different
humans have how many pairs of chromosome
23
what cellular mechanism dictates inheritance patterns
meiotic shuffling of chromosomes
reappearance of a mutant in F1 usually means what
the its connected to “maleness”
in sex linked genes, hemizygous genotype (male) in F1 will show what
the recessive phenotype
chromosomes first name
unit of segregation
deletion of SRY causes _______ in XY individuals
femaleness
non disjunction events
mechanistic defects in cell devision resulting in an abnormal amount of chromosomes
x linked excessive genes affect only
males (mostly)
for an x linked recessive gene, if th mother is affected, what are the sons
all affected
for X linked recessive, if a man is affected, do his sons and daughters get affected
no
when calculating probability for colour blindness what do you need to take into account
chances of inheriting the defective allele but also of being male
are there carriers in X linked dominant diseases
no
X link dominant traits are more male or female
female but a good mix of both
signature of X linked dominance inheritance
when the father is affected, all the daughters will be too but no sons
cytogenetics
geneticists use stains to identify specific chromosomes and to analyze their structures
do normal chromosome results indicate a genetically normal individual
no
aneuploidy
when one or more chromosomes are missing g or in excess
if a plant plant has a higher policy than another, what will it look like
look the same but be bigger
autopolyploid
all the chromosomes originated from the same organism
allopolyploid
one set of chromosomes originated from one organism and the other from another
