Transfusion

Question 1

Universal donors =

Answer 1

erythrocytes= O -
plasma = AB+

Question 2

Universal recipients:

Answer 2

Erthrocytes: AB +
Plasma: O -

Question 3

Rh antigen baby–>

Answer 3

mom becomes sensitive and develops antibodies –> next prego can cause hemolytic disease in newborn

Question 4

Type and Screen tests for….

Answer 4

ABO, RH-D compatability and clinically significant antibodies

Question 5

Time:
typing–>
screening –>
crossmatching –>

Answer 5

typing–> 5 mins
screening –> 45 mins
crossmatching –> 45 min

Question 6

Which product contains the highest amount of fibrinogen?

Answer 6

Cryo

Question 7

Max allowable blood loss equation =

Answer 7

EBV x (Starting Hgb - Target Hgb) / Starting Hgb =

EBV = 65-75 mL/kg

Question 8

Patients with significant CAD should be transfused when hematocrit falls below __-__%

Answer 8

28-30%

Question 9

EBV across the lifespan:

Premature neonate =
Full term neonate =
Infant =
Adult =

Answer 9

Premature neonate = 90-100 mL/kg
Full term neonate = 80-90 mL/kg
Infant = 80 mL/kg
Adult = 70 mL/kg

Question 10

One unit of PRBCs contains __mLs with a hematocrit if __%

Answer 10

300 mL
70%

Question 11

Transfusion of one unit of PRBCs raises hemoglobin by ___ and hematocrit by __-__%

Answer 11

1 g/dL
2-3%

Question 12

RBC storage ____2,3 DPG
shift?

Answer 12

decreased
shifts curve to the left
decreased O2 release

Question 13

Washing removes any plasma from donor RBCs. This prevents anaphylaxis in a __ deficient patient

Answer 13

IgA

Question 14

Most common infections complication of transfusion?
least?

Answer 14

cytomegalovirus
HIV

CMV > Hep B > Hep C > HIV

Question 15

What is TRALI caused by?

Answer 15

human leukocyte antigens (HLA) and neutrophil antibodies present in donor plasma

Question 16

What have the highest risk for TRALI?

Answer 16

FFP and platelets

Question 17

High risk for TRALI –>

Answer 17

women with history of multiple births

history of transfusions

hx of organ transplant

Question 18

Management of TRALI =

Answer 18

maximize PEEP
lung protective ventilation
avoid overhydration

Question 19

TACO is?

Answer 19

volume overload caused by expanding the circulatory volume beyond patients compensatory ability

Question 20

Massive transfusion is associated with =

Answer 20

-alkalosis
-hypothermia
-hyperglycemia
-hypocalcemia
-hyperkalemia

Question 21

Lethal triad of Trauma =

Answer 21

hypoperfusion (acidosis)
hypothermia
coagulopathy

Question 22

Massive transfusion:

alkalosis –>
hypocalcemia –>
hyperglycemia –>
hyperkalemia –>
hypothermia –>

Answer 22

alkalosis –> citrate metabolism to bicarb in liver

hypocalcemia –> binding of calcium by citrate

hyperglycemia –> dextrose additive

hyperkalemia –> administering old blood

hypothermia –> cold blood

Question 23

What arent returned to patient with blood salvage?

What does this cause?

Answer 23

platelets and coagulation factors

dilutional coagulopathy

Question 24

When compared to bank blood, salvaged blood has a _____ oxygen carrying capacity

Answer 24

higher

Question 25

Blood salvage is used when blood loss is expected to exceed ...

Answer 25

1000mL or 20% of patients BV

Question 26

Contraindications of blood salvage:

Answer 26

sickle cell anemia thalassemia oncologic procedures infected surgical site transplant is NOT a contraindication