What type of people does trauma affect?
Persons in all age ranges
What are the 4 trauma levels?
Trauma 1: most comprehensive, 24 hour care
Trauma 2: specialized care, but is not a research hospital
Trauma 3: located in smaller communities, stabilizes patients to be transfer to larger centers
Trauma 4: located in clinicals or outpatient centers for minor injuries
What are the best practices in trauma radiogrpahy?
Speed, accuracy, quality, positioning, standard precautions, immobilization, anticipation, attention to detail, attention to ED protocol and scope of practive and professionalism
What patient prep should be done in trauma scenarios?
Use good communication and check patients for artifacts
What IR/collimation should be used in trauma scenarios?
Same as for routine procedures
What SID should be used for trauma scenarios?
40” for standard projections and 60-72” when there is increased OID
What markers should be used in trauma scenarios?
R/L markers and wound markers
What radiation protection should be used for trauma scenarios?
Shielding for reproductive age patients with close collimation
What patient instructions should be used in trauma scenarios?
Position demonstrations, respiration instructions and short exposure times
What immobilization guildelines should be following in trauma scenarios?
- Do not remove devices unless ordered by physician
- use of sponges, tape of devices to limit motion
What view is performed of the spine before other projections are done?
Lateral cervical spine
What position is the lateral c-spine done in?
Dostal decubitus with shoulders relaxed and head without rotation
Where is the IR placed for a lateral c-spine?
Vertical IR placed at top of shoulder
What does a lateral c-spine demonstrate?
Entire cervical spine from sella trucica to top of T1
What is the CR for lateral C-spine?
Center to C4
If all seven cervical vertebrae are not seen what is done?
A lateral projection of cervicothoracic spine
What does a lateral cervicothoracic spine demonstrate?
C7-T1, lower cerical and upper thoracic vertebrae in profile between shoulders
What is the patient position for lateral cervicothoriacic spine?
Supine without rotation and opposite are raised overr head
What is the patient position for Ap Axial cervical spine?
Patient supine in collar, with IR placed under neck and centered to C4, with head and shoulders without rotation
What is the tube angle for AP Axial cervical spine?
15-20 degrees cephalic to enter MSP at C4
What is demonstrated in AP Axial C-spine?
C3-T1 or T2 and all soft tissue
What is the patient position for AP Axial oblique c-spine?
Patient supine in collar, with IR placed under neck and centered to C4, with head and shoulders without rotation
What positioning tips should be used for AP Axial Oblique C-spine?
Do not perform unless lateral has been reviewed by physician, use care when patient is on backboard, move patient as little as possible, do not use a grid
What is the central ray angle for AP Axial Oblique C-spine?
45 degrees longitudinally and 15-20 degrees cephalic, entering MSP at C4
