Treatment PD

Question 1

Mentalization Based Therapy - Description

Answer 1

• Trying to understand ourselves and others by inferring mental states that other people have
• Understanding and interpreting behavior in terms of underlying mental states
• develops through process of having experiences oneself in the mind of others

Question 2

MBT - Goal

Answer 2

• Target mentalization to foster development of stable internal representations to aid information of a coherent self
• enabling more secure relationships
• by understanding motivation of self and others better

Question 3

MBT - Role of therapist

Answer 3

• Here-and-now
• Not knowing, empathic attitude
• Stop-rewind-explore
• Short interventions based on feelings

Question 4

MBT - Objectives

Answer 4

• Helps patients go from pre-mentalizing states to mentalizing

Question 5

MBT - Objectives (3 prementalizing states)

Answer 5

1. Teleological modes: Actions = Reality
2. Psychic equivalence: Mental Reality = Outer Reality
3. Pretend mode: External world is shut out

Question 6

Schema Focused Therapy - Definition Schema

Answer 6

• How you look at yourself, others, and world around you
• Everyone has implicit and explicit schemas
• Rigid, not adaptive (we do not change them everyday)
• Arise in childhood
• Rooted in unsatisfied, basic emotional needs
• Conscious, familar

Question 7

SFT - 4 core concepts

Answer 7

1. Schemas
   - mental concept that informs us what to expect from a variety of experiences
   - based on info we acquired by previous life
   - refer to early maladaptive schemas
2. Coping styles
   - Perons behavioral responses to schemas
3. Modes
   - Mind states that cluster schemas and coping styles into temporary state of mind
4. Basic emotional needs
   - if basic emotional needs not met in childhood, then schemas, coping styles and modes develop
   - e.g.: connection, mutulaity, reciprocity, flow, autonomy

Question 8

SFT - Goals

Answer 8

• Help patients identify schemas & negative patterns
• learn how to recognize them while operating in their day to day lives
• Patient involved in replacing negative, habitual thoughts, into new healthy options

Question 9

SFT - schema healing, perpetuation, chemistry

Answer 9

schema healing:
- Recognizing dysfunctional schemas
- Understanding own basic needs
- Understanding origin of these schemas
- Alter dysfunctional patterns
- Stop avoiding, surrendering, overcompensating
- Finding healthy & adaptive ways of fulfilling one’s own emotional basic 
needs

schema perpetuation:

• All the things that we do as adults growing up help reinforce the schema that we have
• Doing all the things that keep the schemas in place
• Why would we change them if they help us make sense of the world?

schema chemistry:

• Opposite attracts – not necessarily opposite
• We often choose people based on their schemas
• The schemas we have, “decide” what kind of people we have in our life

Question 10

SFT- 3 coping styles

Answer 10

1. Surrender: give in and repeate (=freeze)
2. Avoidance: escape or block out schemas (=flight)
3. Overcompensation: doing the opposite (=fight)

Question 11

Dialectival Behavior Therapy - Goal

Answer 11

• Focus on here and now
• Learning non-destructive skills
• skills that help to deal with emotions
• learning to validate one self(building self-esteem)

–>difference to CBT: lerning new skills rather than emphasizing cognitive restructing

Question 12

DBT- components of treatment

Answer 12

• weekly individual therapy
• weekly group skills training
• consultation team
• telephone consultation
• auxiliary treatments (medication)

Question 13

Transference Focused Therapy - Description Transference

Answer 13

• Feelings, desires, and expectations that originate in one relationship are redirected & projected onto another relationship
• Transference: client –>therapist
• Countertransference: therapist –>client

Question 14

TFT- Goal (& splitting)

Answer 14

• Learn accepting and tolerating conflicting feelings and images in person
• Both in self and others (splitting)
• Splitting: black and white thinking

Question 15

Generalist Model (GRB) - Why was it developed?

Answer 15

• All therapies (MBT; DBT; TFT; SFT) are effective
  o However, we do not have so many specialists and the costs for training are very high
• All therapies put little attention for biogenetic sources and have no good social adaptation
  o Medication, family interventions

Question 16

GRB - Basic principles

Answer 16

• Treatment is: Structured, Integrated, Consistent, Collaborative
• Takes into account individual differences
• Clear goals and evaluation
• Actively engaging, active, outreaching treatment
• Handling crisis
• Actively establishing therapeutic relationship
• Learning to reflect on thoughts, feelings, intentions
• Working with family & loved ones
• Continuity of care