Unit 1

Question 1

Matter

Answer 1

Any object with mass and volume

Question 2

Solid

Answer 2

has strong intermolecular forces of attraction
fixed shapes/volumes

Question 3

Liquid

Answer 3

Moderate intermolecular forces of attraction
indefinite shapes
fixed volume

Question 4

Gas

Answer 4

very weak to nonexistent intermolecular forces of attraction
indefinite shape/volume

Question 5

Vapor

Answer 5

substances that exist as a solid/liquid at room temp. and have vaporized into gas

Question 6

Extensive properties

Answer 6

properties that depend on the amount of matter

Question 7

Extensive properties examples

Answer 7

mass, volume, energy

Question 8

Intensive properties

Answer 8

properties that do not depend on the amount of matter; depends on the type

Question 9

Intensive properties examples

Answer 9

density, color, luster, odor, melting/boiling point, etc

Question 10

Why do all samples of a substance have the same Intensive properties

Answer 10

Because intensive properties depend on the type of matter, not the amount

Question 11

Physical Properties

Answer 11

properties that can be observed or measured without changing the composition/identity of a substance

Question 12

Chemical Properties

Answer 12

properties that can only be observed by changing the composition/identity of a substance

Question 13

Chemical Properties examples

Answer 13

flammability
reactivity
acidity
toxicity

Question 14

Element (periodic table)

Answer 14

the simplest form of matter that has a unique set of properties and cannot be broken down further

Question 15

Compound

Answer 15

a substance that contains two or more elements chemically combined in a fixed proportion

Question 16

Common names vs their chemical names

Answer 16

Baking soda - sodium bicarbonate
Water - H2O
Table salt - Sodium Chloride
Sugar (glucose) - C6H12O6

Question 17

Homogeneous Mixtures

Answer 17

same/uniform throughout
must be in a single phase
appears to be one substance

Question 18

Heterogeneous Mixtures

Answer 18

not uniform throughout
can be in more than 1 phase
can see different parts/phases

Question 19

Homogeneous and Heterogeneous mixtures can both be…

Answer 19

separated by physical means

Question 20

Solutions (homogeneous)

Answer 20

a solute dissolved in a solvent

Question 21

Solution examples

Answer 21

air, salt water, stainless steel

Question 22

5 ways to separate mixtures physically

Answer 22

1. filtration
   2.separation by hand
   3.magnetism
   4.evaporation/boiling/distillation
   5.to decant (pour off)

Question 23

Filtration is used because…

Answer 23

of different particle sizes

Question 24

Separation of hand is used because…

Answer 24

of differences in appearance

Question 25

magnetism is used because...

Answer 25

of differences in magnetic properties

Question 26

evaporation/boiling/distillation is used because...

Answer 26

of different boiling points

Question 27

to decant is used because...

Answer 27

of distinct layers due too different polarities/densities

Question 28

Mixture

Answer 28

a physical blend of two or more components

Question 29

If matter can be separated by physical means then it is a...

Answer 29

mixture

Question 30

Mixtures are either...

Answer 30

homogeneous or heterogeneous

Question 31

If matter can not be separated by physical means then it is a...

Answer 31

pure substance

Question 32

If a pure substance can be decomposed by a chemical reaction then it is a...

Answer 32

compound

Question 33

If a pure substance can not be decomposed by a chemical reaction then it is a...

Answer 33

element

Question 34

Physical Change

Answer 34

a change that alters some property of the substance, such as form or appearance The identity/composition of the substance remains the same No new substance is formed

Question 35

Physical changes can be both...

Answer 35

reversable and irreversible

Question 36

Chemical Changes

Answer 36

During a chemical reaction, a chemical change occurs, which changes the identify of a substance A new substance is formed

Question 37

reaction(s) yields a...

Answer 37

product(s)

Question 38

4 indicators a chemical reaction has occurred

Answer 38

1.Change in color 2.transfer in energy (change in temp) 3.production of a gas 4.formation of a precipitate

Question 39

Rusting

Answer 39

chemical change oxidization of metal w/ oxygen in the presence of water to produce iron oxide

Question 40

Corroding

Answer 40

chemical change process of deterioration of a substance due to a chemical reaction

Question 41

Dissolving/dissolution

Answer 41

physical change dissolved substance is still present and does not have new properties

Question 42

Reacting

Answer 42

chemical change use this to replace "dissolving" when you see a substance disappearing into another substance when a new substance is formed

Question 43

Vaporizing

Answer 43

Physical change change of state from liquid to gas includes boiling and evaporation

Question 44

Boiling

Answer 44

Physical change occurs when a liquid is heated to a specific temp.

Question 45

Evaporation

Answer 45

Physical change when liquid absorbs energy from surroundings molecules at surface acquire enough energy to convert

Question 46

How do physical/chemical properties differ from physical/chemical changes?

Answer 46

Properties - adjectives +measures/observed characteristics Changes - verbs alter physical properties or chemical identify

Question 47

Mass can never be...

Answer 47

created or destroyed

Question 48

During a chemical reaction mass is...

Answer 48

conserved

Question 49

the total mass of the reactant(s) must equal the total mass of the...

Answer 49

product(s)