Unit 1 Test

Question 1

Reciprocal determinism is

Answer 1

when a person’s environment, personal experiences & cognitive factors influence their actions/behavior

Question 2

Naive realism is

Answer 2

the belief that we see the world precisely as it is when in fact we all see the world a bit differently

Question 3

Belief perseverance is

Answer 3

when we stick to our beliefs despite contradicting evidence

Question 4

What are the theoretical frameworks of psychology?

Answer 4

Sun Sun Film Pyaar, Bada Cute Hai yeh

Question 5

What is psychological pseudoscience?

Answer 5

False science

Question 6

Ad hoc immunizing hypothesis

Answer 6

create a loophole based on faith (that can’t be tested) to gain traction for their theory

Question 7

Lack of self-correction

Answer 7

no updates to the theory/data based on new research coming out

Question 8

Over reliance on anecdotes

Answer 8

only experiences that prove their theory which are hard to verify

Question 9

What is the Illusion of Control experiment?

Answer 9

Participants made to feel they lacked control or not and asked to find patterns

Results:
Lack of control condition - found more patterns to try to gain more control

Question 10

Scientific Skepticism

Answer 10

Having an openness to new ideas but also critically thinking

Question 11

What is falsifiability?

Answer 11

A claim or theory can be tested to see if it can be proved

Question 12

Occam’s Razor:

Answer 12

the simplest logical answer is the best unless evidence suggests otherwise

Question 13

Reliability vs validity

Answer 13

Reliable: consistent
Validity: accurate

Question 14

Interrater reliability

Answer 14

There is a consistent consensus between raters

Question 15

Test-retest

Answer 15

how consistent are the participants scores when they are retested?

Question 16

Convergent results

Answer 16

how similar are the results between diff. tests measuring the same construct

Question 17

What values are present in correlational designs?

Answer 17

-1 to 1

Question 18

What is the experimenter expectancy effect?

Answer 18

hypothesis can lead to unintentional bias when gathering and interpreting results

Question 19

Fundamental Attribution Error

Answer 19

tendency to overestimate the impact of internal influences on someone’s behavior.. And we underestimate the context of the situation that leads to someone’s behavior

Question 20

Solomon Asch Study (1955)

Answer 20

Line test

Results: conformity is less if…
- ptcpts. wrote answers privately
- one confederate said the right answer
- subject said the answer early on

Question 21

Study testing deindividuation

Answer 21

Stanford prison experiment

Question 22

Obedience study

Answer 22

Milgram - pctpts administering shocks in presence of a doctor (authority figure)

Question 23

Cognitive Dissonance

Answer 23

Uncomfortable when engaging in something that doesn’t feel right and your brain tries to rationalize your actions.