What kingdom was known for its construction of the pyramids:
-Step Pyramid at Saquara (1st pyramid)
- Bent
- Red
- The Great Pyramid of Giza (Khufu)
- Pyramid of Khafre (another Giza pyramid)
- Pyramid of Menkaure (another pyramid of Giza)
Old kingdom
What kingdom had both centralized and decentralized governments? Started as Centralized and ended as decentralized
Old kingdom
These Pharaoh’s were part of what kingdom?
- Djoser (3rd dynasty)
- Sneferu (4th dynasty)
- Khufu (4th dynasty)
- Khafre (4th dynasty)
- Menkaure (4th dynasty)
Old Kingdom
What kingdom is described by the below:
-considered the cultural and literature golden age
- returned to centralized government
- economy grew to increase in trade, new agricultural lands and water climates do growing crops
Middle kingdom
Why did the Middle Kingdom end
Due to instability and weak kings
The below were Pharaoh’s of which kingdom?
- Mentuhotep (1st ruler of this kingdom)
- Amenemhat I (founder of the 12th dynasty)
- Senusret I
- Senusret III (most powerful ruler of the 12th dynasty)
- Amenemhat III (other great ruler of the 12th dynasty)
Queen Sobekneferu (last Pharaoh of the 12th dynasty and started the continuation of female leadership)
Middle Kingdom
What kingdom is described below?
-most powerful
- known as the golden age due to wealth, stability, and monumental achievements in art and architecture
- increased trade for luxury goods
Massive temples and tombs were built in the Valley of Kings becoming a primary burial site
New kingdom
Below were the pharaoh’s of which kingdom?
-Ahmose I (reunited Egypt a founder of the 18th dynasty)
- Hatshepsut (powerful female ruler)
- Thurmond III (expanded Egypt’s empire)
- Akhenaten (known for religious reform and tried to shift to monotheistic worship of the sun disk)
-Tutankhamun (known for restoring traditional religion and his intact tomb)
- Ramses II (“the Great” known for his military leadership - especially against the Hittites and his building
New kingdom
The below were all interactions that the Nubians had with Egypt except:
- key trade partners for resources like gold, ivory, ebony, incense and animal products
- Egypt would trade good, grain, wine, beer and linen
- The battle of Kadesh
- cultural diffusion: art, religion, and royal symbolism
The battle of Kadesh
Which of the following was not an example of an interaction between the Hittites and Egypt:
A.) the dough for each others territories
B.) before the treaty of Kadesh they worked together with trade and cultural (art and architecture) and technology (military)
C. The battle of Kadesh
b. After the treaty of Kadesh they did this
How did the desert protect Egypt?
the vast deserts to the east and west of the Nile River protected them by creating inhospitable and difficult to cross barriers. Which made it almost impossible for invaders to reach settlements near the Nile
How did flooding of the Nile help with farming?
- deposited layers of nutrient rich soil onto the land, created fertile soil that allowed for abundant crop growth
- provided essential water and ferizlied the fields
Why was the Nile called “the gift of the Nile”?
Because the river made life possible in the harsh Egyptian desert, providing fertile soil, water for drinking and agriculture, and resources for transportation and building materials
How might geography Dolan why Egyotnlasted so long compared to Mesopotamia?
Because the land provided protection from invaders because of the desert and the Nile offered many advantages for surviving
The below describes the religion of the ancient Egyptians except:
- they only believed in one god
- they believed that after death their sole would be judged in the “Hall of Ma’at”
- if there heart was pure, light and innocent they would live forever in the afterlife.
They only believed in one god
How many gods did the Egyptians have?
6
Who was the god of the afterlife, resurrection, and judge of the dead?
Osiris
Who was the goddess of magic, motherhood, and protector of the dead?
Isis
Who was a falcon headed god, protector of pharaohs, associated with kingship
Horus
Who was the sun god, creator of deity?
Ra (Re)
Who was the jackal headed god of mummification and guardian of the dead?
Anubis
Who was the goddess of truth, justice and balance?
Ma’at
What values and behaviors were most important to the Egyptians?
They wanted to make sure their hearts were pure and innocent before death. They had to declare any wrong doings to Osiris and other gods
Why do you think the Egyptians were so concerned with purity and truth after death?
Because if they had these these in death they could live forever we in the afterlife
