Unit 6 V

Question 1

What was the Great Railroad Strike? Why did it happen? What was the response?

Answer 1

• Somewhat coordinates due to 10% wage cuts in the Midwest
• President Hayes put troops to stop unions

Question 2

What was the justification for Hayes’ response to the Great Railroad Strike? What was the lesson learned by Americans?

Answer 2

• The president was focusing on industrialization
• Railroads are heavily important
• Presidents will side with capital

Question 3

Who were the Knights of Labor? What did they stand for? What were their actions?

Answer 3

• Community that included women
• Strikes for 8-hour work days
• Killed police force members
• Prohibit child labor
• Seen as anarchists
• Saw unions as radical

Question 4

What was the Haymarket Massacre? What were the results of this?

Answer 4

• May 3, 1886. A fight breaks out where one is killed.
• May 4, 1886. One person throws a bomb and kills 7 police officers. Police in return kill 4.
• 8 anarchists are taken on trail.

Question 5

What was the AFL? What were their beliefs? Who was the leader?

Answer 5

• Samuel Gompers
• Believed women would cause further wage cuts
• Men should work
• Opposed creation of worker’s party
• Avoided radical and violent tactics

Question 6

Who were Alexander Berkman and Emma Goldman?

Answer 6

• Jewish Anarchists
• Tried to assassinate Frick but failed to do so

Question 7

What was the Panic of 1893?

Answer 7

• Caused by railroad company failures, financial crises in Europe, and loss of gold value
• Bank failures
• Unemployment of up to 3 million

Question 8

What was the Pullman Strike? What did this violate? What was the response?

Answer 8

• Wage cuts of 30% during the Panic of 1893
• Eugene Debs organized a boycott of Pullman sleeping cars which violated the Sherman Anti-Trust Act
• Cleveland sent 12,000 troops to Chicago without Illinois Governor’s permission

Question 9

What was the Homestead Strike?

Answer 9

• Carnegie did not like how his workers were benefiting from rising wages
• Henry Clay Frick was instructed to lock out union workers
• Union locked out, fences, and sniper towers, until they accepted wage cut
• Carnegie asked for state troops

Question 10

What was Henry George known for? What did he do?

Answer 10

• Known for his “Progress and Poverty” that talked about wealth inequality caused by private ownership of land
• Ran for mayor for the labor party
• Proposed getting rid of labor taxes and instead having a land tax