M3 Orthopaedics > Upper Limb (Muscles) > Flashcards

Upper Limb (Muscles) Flashcards

(51 cards)

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1
Q

State the muscles and nerves involved in shoulder flexion

A
  1. anterior deltoid - axillary n
  2. pectoralis major - lateral and medial pectoral n
  3. biceps femoris - musculocutaneous n
  4. coracobrachialis - musculocutaneous n
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2
Q

State the muscles and nerves involved in shoulder extension

A
  1. posterior deltoid - axillary n
  2. latissimus dorsi
  3. teres major
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3
Q

State the muscles and nerves involved in shoulder abduction

A
  1. supraspinatus (initiation) - suprascapular n
  2. middle deltoid - axillary n
  3. serratus anterior (beyond 120 degrees) - long thoracic n
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4
Q

State the muscles and nerves involved in shoulder adduction

A
  1. pectoralis major
  2. latissimus dorsi
  3. teres major
  4. teres minor
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5
Q

State the muscles and nerves involved in shoulder medial rotation

A
  1. subscapularis - subscapular n
  2. latissimus dorsi
  3. teres major - axillary n
  4. anterior deltoid - axillary n
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6
Q

State the muscles and nerves involved in shoulder lateral rotation

A
  1. infraspinatus - suprascapular n
  2. poseterior deltoid - axillary n
  3. teres minor - axillary n
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7
Q

State the muscles involved in
1. shoulder flexion
2. shoulder extension
3. shoulder abduction
4. shoulder adduction
5. shoulder medial rotation
6. shoulder lateral rotation

A

shoulder flexion = anterior deltoid, pectoralis major, biceps, coracobrachialis

shoulder extension = posterior deltoid, latissimus dorsi, teres major

shoulder abduction = middle deltoid, serratus anterior, supraspinatus

shoulder adduction = pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi, teres major, teres minor

shoulder medial rotation = subscapularis, latssimus dorsi, anterior deltoid, teres major

shoulder lateral rotation = infraspinatus, posterior deltoid, teres minor

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8
Q

State the myotomes for
ELBOW FLEXION
ELBOW EXTENSION

A

elbow flexion - c5/6
elbow extension - c7/8

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9
Q

State the muscles involved in
1. ELBOW FLEXION
2. ELBOW EXTENSION

A

elbow flexion - biceps brachii, coracobrachialis, brachialis, brachioradialis

elbow extension - triceps brachii

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10
Q

State the muscles and nerves involved in wrist flexion

A
  1. flexor carpi ulnaris - ulnar n
  2. palmaris longus - median n
  3. flexor carpi radialis - median n
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11
Q

State the origin, insertion and innervation of the
MUSCLES INVOLVED IN WRIST FLEXION

A

FLEXOR CARPI ULNARIS (GREEN)
- medial epicondyle of humerus - base of 5th metacarpal + pisiform + hook of hamate
- innervation = ulnar n

PALMARIS LONGUS (YELLOW)
- medial epicondyle of humerus - palmar aponeurosis + flexor retinaculum
- innervation = median n

FLEXOR CARPI RADIALIS (PURPLE)
- medial epicondyle of humerus - base of 2nd metacarpal
- innervation = median n

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12
Q

State the muscles and nerves involved in wrist extension

A
  1. extensor carpi ulnaris - radial n
  2. extensor carpi radialis longus - radial n
  3. extensor carpi radialis brevis - radial n
  4. Extensor digitorum - radial n
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13
Q

State the origin, insertion and innervation of the
MUSCLES INVOLVED IN WRIST EXTENSION

A

EXTENSOR CARPI ULNARIS (GREEN)
- lateral epicondyle of humerus - base of 5th metacarpal
- innervation = radial n

EXTENSOR CARPI RADIALIS LONGUS (PINK)
- lateral SUPRACONDYLE of humerus - base of 2nd metacarpal
- innervation = radial n

EXTENSOR CARPI RADIALIS BREVIS (PURPLE)
- lateral epicondyle of humerus - base of 4rd metacarpal
- innervation = radial n

EXTENSOR DIGITORUM (YELLOW)
- lateral epicondyle of humerus - extensor expansion of medial 4 digits
- innervation = radial n

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14
Q

State the myotomes for
WRIST FLEXION
WRIST EXTENSION

A

wrist flexion - c6
wrist extension - c7

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15
Q

State the muscles and nerves involved in wrist abduction

A
  1. flexor carpi radialis - median n
  2. extensor carpi radialis brevis - radial n
  3. extensor carpi radialis longus - radial n
  4. abductor pollicis longus - radial n
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16
Q

State the muscles and nerves involved in wrist adduction

A
  1. flexor carpi ulnaris - ulnar n
  2. extensor carpi ulnaris - radial n
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17
Q

State the muscles and nerves involved in wrist supination

A
  1. supinator - deep branch of radial n
  2. biceps brachii - musculocutaneous n
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18
Q

State the muscles and nerves involved in wrist pronation

A
  1. pronator teres - median n
  2. pronator quadratus - median n
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19
Q

State the joints involved in
WRIST SUPINATION
WRIST PRONATION

A

proximal radio-ulnar joint + distal radio-ulnar joint

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20
Q

State the origin, insertion and innervation of the
MUSCLES INVOLVED IN WRIST PRONATION

A

PRONATOR TERES (GREEN)
- coronoid process of ulna + medial epicondyle - lateral radius
- innervation = median n

PRONATOR QUADRATUS (YELLOW)
- ulna - radius
- innervation = median n

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21
Q

State the muscles and nerves involved in thumb abduction

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. abductor pollicis longus (deep extensor of forearm) - radial n
  2. abductor pollicis brevis (thenar muscle) - median n
22
Q

State the origin, insertion and innervation of the
MUSCLES INVOLVED IN THUMB ABDUCTION

Study These Flashcards
A

ABDUCTOR POLLICIS LONGUS (GREEN)
- radius + ulna + interosseous membrane - base of 1st metacarpal
- innervation = radial n

ABDUCTOR POLLICIS BREVIS (YELLOW)
- flexor retinaculum - proximal phalanx of 1st metacarpal
- innervation = median n

23
Q

State the muscles and nerves involved in thumb adduction

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. adductor pollicis - ulnar n (although located on radial side)
24
Q

State the joints involved in
THUMB ABDUCTION
THUMB ADDUCTION

Study These Flashcards
A

thumb abduction - carpometacarpal joint

thumb adduction- carpometacarpal joint

25
State the myotomes for THUMB ABDUCTION THUMB ADDUCTION
both t1
26
State the muscles and nerves involved in **thumb opposition**
1. opponens pollicis - median n
27
State the joint involved for THUMB OPPOSITION
thumb opposition - carpometacarpal joint
28
State the muscles and nerves involved in **thumb flexion**
1. flexor pollicis brevis (thenar muscle) - median n 2. flexor pollicis longus (deep muscle of forearm) - median n
29
State the origin, insertion and innervation of the **MUSCLES INVOLVED IN THUMB FLEXION**
**FLEXOR POLLICIS LONGUS (GREEN)** - ulna + interosseous membrane - base of distal phalanx of thumb - innervation = median n **FLEXOR POLLICIS BREVIS (YELLOW)** - flexor retinaculum + tubercles of schapoid and trapezium - base of proximal phalanx of thumb - innervation = median n
30
State the muscles and nerves involved in **thumb extension**
1. extensor pollicis longus - radial n 2. extensor pollicis brevis - radial n
31
State the origin, insertion and innervation of the **MUSCLES INVOLVED IN THUMB EXTENSION**
EXTENSOR POLLICIS LONGUS (GREEN) - ulna - base of distal phalanx of thumb - innervation = radial n EXTENSOR POLLICIS BREVIS (YELLOW) - radius + interosseous membrane - base of distal phalanx of thumb - innervation = radial n
32
State the joints involved in THUMB FLEXION THUMB EXTENSION
thumb flexion - carpometacarpal joint + metcarpophalangeal joint thumb extension - metcarpophalangeal joint (longus) + interphalangeal joint (brevis)
33
State the 4 thenar muscles (AFOA) State their innervation
1. abductor pollicis brevis - median n 2. flexor pollicis brevis - median n 3. opponens pollicis - median n 4. adductor pollicis - ulnar n
34
Identify the muscles. State their action and innervation
ABDUCTOR POLLICIS BREVIS (GREEN) - action = abduction of thumb at CMC joint - innervatio = median n FLEXOR POLLICIS BREVIS (PURPLE) - action = flexion of thumb at CMC joint + MCP joint - innervation = median n OPPONENS POLLICIS (YELLOW) - action = opposition of thumn at CMC joint and MCP joint - innervation = median n ADDUCTOR POLLICIS (PINK) - action = adduction of thumb at CMC joint - innervation = ulnar n
35
State the muscles and nerves involved in **finger flexion**
1. flexor digitorum superficialis - median n 2. flexor digitorum profundus - median n (lateral 1/2), ulnar n (medial 1/2)
36
State the joints involved in finger flexion
middle phalanges (flexor digitorum superficialis) distal phalanges (flexor digitorum profundus)
37
State the muscles and nerves involved in **finger extension**
1. extensor digitorum - radial n 2. extensor digiti minimi - radial n 3. lumbricals - ulnar n
38
State the joints involved in finger extension
extensor digitorum - MCP joint + interphalangeal joint extensor digiti minimi - MCP joint + PIP joint on 5th finger lumbricals - interphalangeal joint
39
State the myotomes for FINGER FLEXION FINGER EXTENSION
finger flexion - c8 finger extension - c7
40
State the muscles and nerves involved in **finger abduction + adduction**
finger abduction - dorsal interossei - ulnar n finger adduction - ventral interossei - ulnar n
41
State the myotomes for FINGER ABDUCTION FINGER ADDUCTION
t1
42
Label the muscles in the arm. State the innervation of each muscle
biceps - musculocutaneous n brachialis - musculocutaneous nerve triceps brachii - radial n
43
State the boundaries of the cubital fossal. State the contents of the cubital fossa
medially - pronator teres laterally - brachioradialis superiorly - lateral to medial epicondyles inferiorly - brachialis + supinator muscle contents - median n, bifurcation of brachial A, tendon of biceps brachii, radial n (Mother Buys Ten Rabbits)
44
BICIPITAL APONEUROSIS separates the ____ V from underlying ____ A and ____ N
BICIPITAL APONEUROSIS separates the **MEDIAN CUBITAL V** from underlying **BRACHIAL A** and **MEDIAN N**
45
State and label the superficial flexors of forearm. State the actions of each muscle and their innervation.
All muscles innervated by median n except FCU by ulnar n PRONATOR TERES - pronation of wrist FLEXOR CARPI ULNARIS - wrist flexion, wrist adduction PALMARIS LONGUS - wrist flexion FLEXOR CARPI RADIALIS - wrist flexion, wrist abduction FLEXOR DIGITORUM SUPERFICIALIS - flexion of middle phalanges
46
State and label the deep flexors of forearm. State the actions of each muscle and their innervation.
FLEXOR DIGITORUM PROFUNDUS - flexion of distal IP joints of medial 4 digits - medial 1/2 - ulnar n, lateral 1/2 - medial n FLEXOR POLLICIS LONGUS - thumb flexion at MCP and CMJ - median n PRONATOR QUADRATUS - wrist pronation - median n
47
State and label the superficial extensors of forearm. State the actions of each muscle and their innervation.
EXTENSOR CARPI RADIALIS LONGUS - wrist extension, wrist abduction - radial n EXTENSOR CARPI RADIALIS BREVIS - wrist extension, wrist abduction - radial n EXTENSOR DIGITORUM - extension of proximal phalanges at MCP joint, wrist extension - radial n EXTENSOR DIGITI MINIMI - extension of 5th digit at MCP and IP joints - radial n EXTENSOR CARPI ULNARIS - wrist extension, wrist adduction - radial n
48
State and label the deep extensors of forearm. State the actions of each muscle and their innervation.
ABDUCTOR POLLICIS LONGUS - abduction of thumb at MCP joint, extension of thumb at MCP joint - radial n EXTENSOR POLLICIS LONGUS - extension of distal phalanx at IP joint - radial n EXTENSOR POLLICIS BREVIS - extension of proximal phalanx at MCP joint - radial n EXTENSOR INDICIS - extension of index finger at MCP joint and IP joint - radial n
49
State the boundaries of the anatomical snuff box. State the contents of the snuff box.
Anteriorly - abductor pollicis longus (APL) + extensor pollicis brevis (EPB) Posteriorly - extensor pollicis longus (EPL) Contents - radial A - scaphoid and trapezium bones
50
State the 3 kinds of wrist fractures/disclocation. State the common causes of each fracture.
1. distal radius fracture (smith's fracture) - foosh 2. scaphoid fracture (colle's fracture) - foosh with wrist extended and abducted 3. anterior dislocation of lunate - fall on dorsiflexed wrist (leads to carpal tunnel syndroem)
51
State the innervation of the lumbricals. State their actions.
lumbricals - flexion of digits at MCP joints, extension of digits at IP joints - lumbricals 1 + 2 - median n - lumbricals 3 + 4 - ulnar n
M3 Orthopaedics
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