Urinary function a&p

Question 1

location of kidneys

Answer 1

• under back muscles, behind parietal peritoneum, just above waistline
• right kidney usually a little lower than left

Question 2

nephrons

Answer 2

“working”of “functional” unit

• 1-2 million per kidney
• bowmans capsule
• glomerulus
• loop of henle

Question 3

bowman’s capsule

Answer 3

mechanically filters blood

Question 4

glomerulus

Answer 4

mechanically filters blood

Question 5

loop of henle

Answer 5

reabsorption of water, na, k, cl

Question 6

overview of kidney function

Answer 6

• excretes toxins and nitrogenous wastes
• regulates levels of many chemicals in blood
• maintains water balance
• secretes erythropoietin (EPO): helps with production of rbc

Question 7

formation of urine: filtration

Answer 7

glomerular blood pressure causes water and dissolved substances to filter out of glomeruli into bowman capsule

Question 8

formation of urine: reabsorption

Answer 8

@ proximal tubule and loop of henley

water, nutrients, and ions are reabsorbed

Question 9

formation of urine: secretion

Answer 9

movement of substances into urine from blood in peritubular capillaries
- hydrogen ions, potassium ions and certain drugs are secreted

Question 10

antidiurteic hormone (ADH)

Answer 10

• secreted from the posterior pituitary gland

- decreases the amount of urine by collecting ducts permeable to water

Question 11

aldosterone

Answer 11

• secreted by the adrenal cortex

- stimulates the tubules to reabsorb sodium at a faster rate

Question 12

atrial natriuretic hormone (ANH)

Answer 12

• secreted from the hearts atrial wall

- stimulates kidney tubules to secrete more sodium and thus lose more water

Question 13

anuria

Answer 13

absence of urine

Question 14

oliguria

Answer 14

scanty/decreased amount of urine

Question 15

polyuria

Answer 15

an unusually large amount of urine

Question 16

ureters

Answer 16

transportation of urine

- from kidney to bladder

Question 17

urinary bladder

Answer 17

• storage of urine
• triggers micturition by way of stretch receptors
• relax urinary spinctor= urine flows out of the bladder to urethra

Question 18

urethra

Answer 18

• transportation of urine
• opening known as urethral meatus
• shorter in females= increase for infection
• males travels thru prostate

Question 19

urine characteristics

Answer 19

normal color

• diluted: light yellow
• concentrated: dark yellow, amber, dark amber

abnormal

• red: blood-tinged- hematuria
• orange: medication-induced
• blue: contrast dye induced

Question 20

renal function tests

Answer 20

blood work
chemistry panel:
- blood urea nitrogen: willrise if pee not being filtered properly
- creatinine: affected by renal functioning

urine

• urinalysis: color & clarity, substances in abnormal levels, complications from diabetes, filtration of kidneys, rbcs, wbc
• 24 hour urine collection