What is the classic echo feature of calcific mitral stenosis?
Sparing the leaflet tips
What is the classic echo feature of rheumatic mitral stenosis (MS)?
Thickening of the leaflet tips and commissural fusion.
EROA for severe Aortic Regurgitation?
EROA ≥ 0.3 cm2
Vena contracta for severe AR?
VC > 0.6 mm
What is the PISA equation for EROA?
EROA = 2pi r^2 * V(aliasing) / Vmax
Regurgitant Volume for Severe AR?
RVol ≥ 60 mL
Regurgitant fraction of severe AR?
RF > 50%
Definition of mitral valve prolapse on Echo
Systolic displacement (billowing) of one or both mitral valve leaflets by into the left atrium, measured > or = 2 mm beyond the mitral annular plane
Carpentier Type for MVP
Type II (Excess Leaflet Motion, Primary MR)
Carpentier Type for MAC
Type IIIa (Restricted Leaflet Motion in systole and diastole)
Follow up for asymptomatic severe MR + LVEF >60%
Echo every 6 months
Indication for MR repair in patient with asymptomatic severe MR
LVEF < 60%
EROA for severe MR
≥ 0.4 cm2
Regurgitant Volume for severe MR
≥ 60 mL
Regurgitant Fraction for severe MR
≥ 50%
Vena Contracta Width for severe MR
VC > 0.7 mm
RVol =
EROA x VTI of Regurgitant Jet
ASE Mitral Valve Area (MVA) threshold for severe Mitral Stenosis
<1.0 cm
