VASCULAR SYSTEM

Question 1

Taking blood to the tissues and back

Answer 1

BLOOD VESSELS

Question 2

BLOOD VESSELS

Answer 2

• Arteries
• Arterioles
  *Capillaries
• Venules
• Veins

Question 3

Three layers (tunics)

Answer 3

1. Tunic intima
2. Tunic media
3. Tunic externa

Question 4

*Endothelium

Answer 4

Tunic intima

Question 5

• Smooth muscle
  *Controlled by sympathetic nervous system

Answer 5

Tunic media

Question 6

Mostly fibrous connective tissue

Answer 6

Tunic externa

Question 7

• Most arterial blood is pumped by the heart
• Veins use the milking action of muscles to help move blood

Answer 7

MOVEMENT OF BLOOD THROUGH VESSELS

Question 8

Capillary beds consist of two types of vessels

Answer 8

• Vascular shunt
• True capillaries

Question 9

directly connects an arteriole to a venule

Answer 9

Vascular shunt

Question 10

– exchange vessels
*Oxygen and nutrients cross to cells
*Carbon dioxide and metabolic waste products cross into blood

Answer 10

True capillaries

Question 11

VITAL SIGNS

Answer 11

• Arterial pulse
• Blood pressure
• Repiratory Rate
• Body Temperature
• All indicate the efficiency of the system

Question 12

pressure wave of blood

Answer 12

Pulse

Question 13

Measurements by health professionals are made on the pressure in large arteries

Answer 13

BLOOD PRESSURE

Question 14

pressure at the peak of ventricular contraction

Answer 14

Systolic

Question 15

pressure when ventricles relax

Answer 15

Diastolic

Question 16

Autonomic nervous system adjustments
(sympathetic division)

Answer 16

Neural factors

Question 17

Regulation by altering blood volume

Answer 17

Renal factors

Question 18

hormonal control

Answer 18

Renin

Question 19

BLOOD PRESSURE: EFFECTS OF FACTORS

Answer 19

Temperature
Chemicals
Diet

Question 20

has a vasodilation effect

Answer 20

Heat

Question 21

has a vasoconstricting effect

Answer 21

Cold

Question 22

Various substances can cause increases or
decreases

Answer 22

Chemicals

Question 23

Normal systolic

Answer 23

140–110 mm Hg

Question 24

Normal diastolic

Answer 24

80–75 mm Hg

Question 25

Low systolic below 110 mm HG Often associated with illness

Answer 25

Hypotension

Question 26

High systolic above 140 mm HG Can be dangerous if it is chronic

Answer 26

Hypertension

Question 27

when blood returns to the heart from the systemic route, it is pumped out of the right ventricle through the pulmonary to the lungs.

Answer 27

Pulmonary circulation

Question 28

carries oxygen and nutrients to body tissues and removes carbon dioxide and other wastes and heat from the tissues.

Answer 28

Systemic circulation

Question 29

carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the air sacs (alveoli) within the lungs and returns oxygenated blood from the air sacs to the left atrium

Answer 29

PULMONARY CIRCULATION

Question 30

carries oxygen and nutrients to body tissues and removes carbon dioxide and other wastes and heat from the tissues.

Answer 30

SYSTEMIC CIRCULATION

Question 31

carries oxygen and nutrients to body tissues and removes carbon dioxide and other wastes and heat from the tissue

Answer 31

SYSTEMIC CIRCULATION

Question 32

carries venous blood from the gastrointestinal organs and spleen to the liver.

Answer 32

Hepatic portal circulation

Question 33

vein that carries blood from one capillary network to another

Answer 33

Portal vein

Question 34

receives blood from capillaries of gastrointestinal organs and the spleen and delivers it to the sinusoids of the liver.

Answer 34

Hepatic portal vein

Question 35

drains blood from the small intestine and portions of the large intestine, stomach, and pancreas

Answer 35

Superior mesenteric vein

Question 36

drains blood from the stomach, pancreas, and portions of the large intestine

Answer 36

Splenic vein

Question 37

which passes into the splenic vein, drains portions of the large intestine

Answer 37

Inferior mesenteric vein

Question 38

which open directly into the hepatic portal vein, drain the stomach.

Answer 38

Right and left gastric veins

Question 39

which also opens into the hepatic portal vein, drains the gallbladder.

Answer 39

Cystic vein

Question 40

he liver is receiving nutrient-rich but deoxygenated blood .

Answer 40

Hepatic portal vein

Question 41

the liver also receiving oxygenated blood ,a branch of the celiac trunk.

Answer 41

Hepatic artery

Question 42

the oxygenated blood mixes with the deoxygenated blood Eventually, blood leaves the sinusoids of the liver through the hepatic veins, which drain into the inferior vena cava.

Answer 42

Sinusoids