Vision

Question 1

Layers of the eye

Answer 1

Fibrous layer
Vascular layer
Nervous layer

Question 2

Fibrous layer contains

Answer 2

1. Cornea
2. Sclera
3. Limbus

Question 3

Cornea

Answer 3

most rostral section of the eye

one of the most superficial layer

clear membrane that allows light into the eye

needs to retain its curved structure to see images

Question 4

Sclera

Answer 4

the “whites” of the eye

partially holds the vasculature of the eye

2nd most superficial part

continuous with the cornea

Question 5

Limbus

Answer 5

the junction between the cornea and the sclera

Question 6

Vascular Layer: Front of the eye structures

Answer 6

Iris
Pupil
Ciliary body

Question 7

Iris

Answer 7

colored portion of the eye

constrict and dilate to control the amount of light that enters the eye

Question 8

Pupil

Answer 8

the opening in the center of the iris

not necessarily a physical structure

Question 9

Ciliary body

Answer 9

muscular structures that, along with suspensory ligaments holds the lens in place

controls the size and shape of the lens

Question 10

Vascular Layer: Middle and back of the eye structures

Answer 10

Choroid

Tapetum lucidum

Question 11

Choroid

Answer 11

the thicker layer that lies deep to the sclera

holds most of the vessels

Question 12

Tapetum lucidum

Answer 12

• Highly reflective membrane
• found on the deep surface of the choroid
• reflects any available light in the dark
• night vision

Question 13

Nervous layer Structures

Answer 13

Retina

Lens

Question 14

Retina

Answer 14

most internal layer

heavily lined with rods and cones

Question 15

Rods and cones

Answer 15

specific photo receptors that translate light into a perceptible image

rods=high light
cones=low light-color

Question 16

Lens

Answer 16

• held in place by the suspensory ligaments attached to the ciliary body
• collects visual light from the pupil
• images collected by the lens are flipped upside down
• during the modulation process the image flips right-side-up

Question 17

Chambers of the eye

Answer 17

Anterior chamber
Posterior chamber
Vitreous chamber

Question 18

Aqueous Chamber: Anterior Chamber

Answer 18

lies between the cornea and the iris

filled with aqueous humor

Question 19

Aqueous Chamber: Posterior Chamber

Answer 19

lies between the iris and the lens

filled with aqueous humor

Question 20

Vitreous Chamber

Answer 20

makes up the majority of the eye
lies behind the lens
filled with vitreous humor

Question 21

Extraocular structures: Conjunctiva

Answer 21

• very thin membrane
• technically most superficial layer
• lines the inside of the eyelids and the anterior sclera
• does not cover the cornea

Question 22

Extraocular structures: Canthus

Answer 22

Medial and lacrimal corners of the eye

Question 23

Extraocular structures: Nictitating membrane

Answer 23

• third eyelid of the superficial eye
• arises from the medial canthi
• helps protect eye when sleeping, eating or external debris

Question 24

Extraocular structures: Lacrimal glands

Answer 24

tear ducts found in the medial canthi of the eyes

Question 25

Extraocular structures: Cilia

Answer 25

Eyelashes-tactile hairs

Question 26

Extraocular structures: Nasal lacrimal duct

Answer 26

tear ducts to the nasal cavity

Question 27

Conjunctivitis

Answer 27

inflammation of the conjunctiva

Question 28

Cataracts

Answer 28

A build up of an opaque liquid consisting of various proteins that fills the lens of the eye preventing light from entering

Question 29

Glaucoma

Answer 29

Increased pressure within the vitreous body cause compression of ocular nerves

Question 30

Nicitating membrane adenitis

Answer 30

"Cherry eye" | Inflammation of the nicitating membrane that causes the tissue to prolapse over the medial canthus

Question 31

Nystagmus

Answer 31

Symptom of vestibular disease characterized by a continuous rapid movement of the eye

Question 32

Ocular larval migrans

Answer 32

occurs when filarial larvae migrates to the anterior chamber of the eye

Question 33

Ocular proptosis

Answer 33

appears as the bulging of the eye past its normal ocular range caused by external trauma tumors may cause as well

Question 34

Corneal ulceration

Answer 34

- Caused by a laceration of the cornea - introduces a hole into the anterior chamber - can cause pain, discomfort and possible infections - easy diagnosis with an ocular fluorescent stain test