Volcanoes!

Question 1

What is a volcano 

Answer 1

A volcano is a mountain formed by the eruption of magma on the Earth surface through a hole or vent in the earths crust

Question 2

What is magma called once it reaches the earths surface?

Answer 2

Lava

Question 3

Once cooled what rock does lava form?

Answer 3

Basalt

Question 4

If it does not come through event, how might magma erupt? What might this eruption cause?

Answer 4

Sometimes magma may erupt through a long fissure in the earths crust making a flat topped plateau

Question 5

Give an example of a plateau

Answer 5

The Giants Causeway in County Antrim

Question 6

What mineral affects the explosiveness of a volcano?

Answer 6

Silica
More silica traps more gas making a more violent interruption

Question 7

What are the two shapes of volcano?

Answer 7

Cone and shield

Question 8

Give an example of a cone volcano

Answer 8

Mount St Helens US

Question 9

Give an example of a shield volcano

Answer 9

Hawaiian island volcanoes

Question 10

What are Pyroclasts?

Answer 10

These are a super hated mix of dust, gas, and rocks that can move down a volcano at great speeds from 100 km an hour to 800 km an hour

Question 11

Give an example of a pyroclastic flow

Answer 11

Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines

Question 12

What are the three places volcanoes can form?

Answer 12

1. Where plates collide.
2. Where plate separate.
3. At hotspots.

Question 13

Where are over 90% of all volcanoes found? 

Answer 13

Pacific ring of fire

Question 14

What are the three stages of a volcanoes life-cycle?

Answer 14

Active
Dormant
Extinct

Question 15

Explain the number of years needed for an eruption to have occurred to label a volcano as active

Answer 15

Erupted within the last 100 years

Question 16

Name an active volcano

Answer 16

Mount Saint Helens

Question 18

When would a volcano have to have erupted to be labelled as dormant ?

Answer 18

Has not erupted in over 100 years, but may erupt again

Question 19

Name a dormant volcano

Answer 19

Mount Fuji in Japan

Question 20

When will a volcano have to have erupted to be classified as extinct?

Answer 20

Has not erupted in in historic times

Question 21

Name an extinct volcano

Answer 21

Mount Slemish in County Antrim

Question 22

What are the three types of impacts of volcanic activity on people and the environment?

Answer 22

Environmental impact
Social impact
Economic impact

Question 23

Name the main environmental impact of volcanic activity

Answer 23

Ash and dust pollute atmosphere
Weathered and eroded lava and ash make fertile soils
New land made
Tsunami, lahars, pyroclastic flows that destroy farmland, towns, and villages

Question 24

Name the main social impact of volcanic activity

Answer 24

People injured
Forced migration
Aircraft flights disrupted
Lack of clean water which can lead to the spread of disease

Question 25

Name the main economic impact of volcanic activity

Answer 25

Cost of repairs to infrastructure Poverty and unemployment as workplace is destroyed Direct jobs and tourism and rebuilding damaged structures Geothermal energy can be used Volcanoes to make useful materials such as gemstones

Question 26

Who measures a monitors volcanic activity?

Answer 26

A volcanologist

Question 27

What does a volcanonologist measure?

Answer 27

Small earthquakes Increased gas emissions Eruptions of steam or rock Change in shape of volcano

Question 28

What measuring system is used to measure a volcanic eruptions?

Answer 28

VEI, volcanic explosivity index

Question 29

When was the MT Saint Helens eruption?

Answer 29

1980

Question 30

What type of eruption was the MT Saint Helen eruption?

Answer 30

It was a lateral eruption

Question 31

Where is MT Saint Helens located?

Answer 31

Washington state

Question 32

When was the last eruption of Mt St Helens before 1980?

Answer 32

Over a century beforehand

Question 33

What were the social impacts of Mt St Helens eruption?

Answer 33

57 people passed away Affected daily life in neighbouring towns

Question 34

What were the environmental impacts of Mt Saint Helens?

Answer 34

Destruction of forests Death of many wild animals

Question 35

What were the main economic impacts of the eruption of MT Saint Helens?

Answer 35

Land used to grow crops or destroyed Logging camps were destroyed

Question 36

Draw a volcano diagram

Answer 36

Check it.