Discriminated Operant
The behavior occurs more frequently under some antecedent conditions than it does under others
The behavior occurs more frequently under some antecedent conditions than it does under others
Discriminated Operant
Stimulus Control
Different rates of responses happening in the presence or absence of a stimulus
Due to pairings in the past
Antecedents acquire the ability to control operant behavior
Different rates of responses happening in the presence or absence of a stimulus
Due to pairings in the past
Antecedents acquire the ability to control operant behavior
Stimulus Control
Stimulus control occurs when…
The rate, latency, duration, or amplitude of a response is altered
In the presence of an antecedent stimulus
Stimulus control is acquired when…
Responses are reinforced only in the presence of a specific stimulus
SD
And not in the presence of other stimuli
S-delta
Discrimination Training
TWO antecedents (one SD and the other S-delta) for ONE response, the response only should happen with the SD not the S-delta
TWO antecedents (one SD and the other S-delta) for ONE response, the response only should happen with the SD not the S-delta
Discrimination Training
Schedules of Reinforcement
A rule of reinforcement, where the changes in the environment lead to if behaviors earn reinforcement
A rule of reinforcement, where the changes in the environment lead to if behaviors earn reinforcement
Schedules of Reinforcement
Continuous Reinforcement
Provides reinforcement for each occurrence of behavior
Used to strengthen behavior
Primarily the initial stages of learning a new behavior
Provides reinforcement for each occurrence of behavior
Used to strengthen behavior
Primarily the initial stages of learning a new behavior
Continuous Reinforcement
Intermittent Reinforcement
- Some but not all of occurrences of the behavior are reinforced
- Used to maintain an established behavior
- Maintenance stages of learning
It is usually necessary for the progression to naturally occurring reinforcement
- Some but not all of occurrences of the behavior are reinforced
- Used to maintain an established behavior
- Maintenance stages of learning
It is usually necessary for the progression to naturally occurring reinforcement
Intermittent Reinforcement
Fixed Ratio
Completion of a fixed number of responses for a reinforcer
- Graph: Like steps with an obtuse angle
Completion of a fixed number of responses for a reinforcer
Fixed Ratio
- Graph: Like steps with an obtuse angle
What schedules of reinforcement have a post reinforcement pause?
Fixed Ratio and Fixed Interval
Variable Ratio
Requires the completion of a variable number of responses to produce a reinforcer
- Graph: best one, steep straight line up
Requires the completion of a variable number of responses to produce a reinforcer
Variable Ratio
- Graph: best one, steep straight line up
Fixed Interval
First response after a designated and constant amount of time produces the reinforcer.
- Graph: scallop
First response after a designated and constant amount of time produces the reinforcer.
Fixed Interval
- Graph: scallop
Variable Interval
The first response following varying intervals of time produces the reinforcer.
- Graph: not steep, constant upward, straight line
The first response following varying intervals of time produces the reinforcer.
Variable Interval
- Graph: not steep, constant upward, straight line
Limited Hold
- Reinforcement remains available for a limited time following the passing of the FI or VI interval
- The person will miss the opportunity to receive reinforcement if a targeted response does not occur within the time limit
- It usually does not change the overall response characteristics of FI and VI schedules beyond a possible increase in rate of response
