Week 5

Question 1

List 5 Effects of Unrelieved Pain

Answer 1

1. Quality of Life
2. Developmental
3. Cognitive
4. Respiratory
5. Cardiovascular

Question 2

What are the 4 Types of Pain?

Answer 2

1. Acute
2. Chronic
3. Nociceptive
4. Neuropathic

Question 3

Define “Nociception”

Answer 3

The neural mechanism involved in the pain experience

Question 4

What 4 Processes are involved in Nociception?

Answer 4

1. Transduction
2. Transmission
3. Perception
4. Modulation

Question 5

Define “Transduction”

Answer 5

The trauma of noxious stimuli exposure causes the release of a no. of neurotransmitters

Question 6

Define “Transmission”

Answer 6

Consists of 3 Stages:

1. Transmission of impulse along the fibres to the spinal cord
2. Nociceptor fibre terminates in dorsal horn of spinal cord
3. Impulse is carried by a no. of different ascending fibre tracts within larger spinothalamic tract, from dorsal horn to brain stem and thalamus

Question 7

Define “Perception”

Answer 7

The point at which a person is consciously aware of pain

Question 8

Define “Modulation”

Answer 8

Inhibition of afferent input

Question 9

List 5 Influences of Pain

Answer 9

1. Age
2. Gender
3. Culture
4. Fatigue
5. Coping style

Question 10

What mnemonic is used to assess pain?

Answer 10

PQRSTU

Question 11

Explain “PQRSTU”

Answer 11

P - Provoking factors
Q - Quality
R - Region
S - Severity
T - Time of onset
U - Patient's understanding

Question 12

Define “Holistic Nursing”

Answer 12

An attitude that draw on nursing knowledge and expertise to guide nurses in becoming therapeutic partners with their patients