Week 6

Question 1

Why were the Successor Kingdoms beneficial for Rome?

Answer 1

• They were so divided that Rome could deal with one at a time
• They had a lot of infighting that Rome could take advantage of

Question 2

Which was the first successor kingdom the Romans fought against?

Answer 2

Antigonid Kingdom

Question 3

Who was king of the Antigonids during the Punic War Era?

Answer 3

Philip V

Question 4

What caused the Illyrian War?

Answer 4

Illyrian piracy disturbing Roman shipping

Question 5

What is the difference between empire and hegemony?

Answer 5

• Empire is direct control over foreign states
• Hegemony is composed of protectorates and states you fully influence

Question 6

Why did the Romans fight Philip V in the First Macedonian War?

Answer 6

Because he had allied himself with Hannibal

Why? Hannibal promised him Illyria

Question 7

What caused the Second Macedonian War?

Answer 7

• Kingdom of Pergamon asked Rome for help because Philip V was advancing east against Antiochus III

Question 8

What general did the Romans send to deal with Philip V in the Second Macedonian War?

Answer 8

Titus Quintus Flaminius

Question 9

At which battle did Flaminius destroy Philip V of Macedon?

Answer 9

Cynosephalae, 197 BC

Question 10

How did Flaminius defeat Philip’s army?

Answer 10

• The battle was fought on rougher terrain
• So, the Roman maniples prevailed over the sarissa phalanx, which required flat open space to operate

Question 11

Why was Rome considered as the saviour of the Greeks after the Second Macedonian War?

Answer 11

• Because they had defeated and shrunk Macedon and rallied the Greek city states

Question 12

Who did the Romans fight after dealing with Philip V?

Answer 12

Antiochus III

Question 13

Whose court did Hannibal flee to?

Answer 13

Antiochus III

Question 14

Why did the Romans fight Antiochus III?

Answer 14

Antiochus decided to sweep up the Greek city states instead of taking Hannibal’s advice to rally with the other Hellenistic states

Question 15

What was the main battle from Rome’s war with Antiochus III?

Answer 15

Thermopylae

Question 16

What caused the 3rd Macedonian War?

Answer 16

• Romans grew weary of Philip Vs son, King Perseus of Antigonid
• Younger Roman senators wanted to send lying envoys to agree on peace with Perseus, only to buy time for Roman preparation to catch him unaware with an invasion
• Older Senators saw this as a degradation in Roman morals
• Younger Senators prevailed, thus setting this plan forth

Question 17

Who was sent to fight Perseus of Antigonid?

Answer 17

Paulus

Question 18

At which battle are the Macedonians under Perseus of Antigonid destroyed by Paulus?

Answer 18

Battle of Pydna, 168 BC

Question 19

What omen did Paulus receive on the eve of the Battle of Pydna?

Answer 19

• A Lunar Eclipse, which prophesized the downfall of a king

Question 20

__________ had a massive, 3 day long triumph, introducing vast spoils and Greek art to Rome.

Answer 20

Paulus

Question 21

How did Romans become acquainted and appreciative of Greek art?

Answer 21

War and looting

Question 22

What caused the 4th, and final, Macedonian War?

Answer 22

A man named Adriscus claimed to be Perseus’ son and revolted

(it failed miserably)

Question 23

Who were the first overseas allies of Rome?

Answer 23

The Aetolians

Question 24

During the 3rd Macedonian War, what innocent neutral city did Rome sack simply for its wealth?

Answer 24

Epirus

Question 25

What was Rome's purge of the Aetolian League?

Answer 25

- Despite being Rome's first overseas allies, the Romans deported 1000 Aetolian citizens to Italy, for fear of Macedonian sympathies

Question 26

What famous historian was a part of the Aetolian refugees to Italy during the purge?

Answer 26

Polybius

Question 27

What did the Romans do to force Antiochus IV to withdraw from Egypt?

Answer 27

Linus drew a circle in the dirt around Antiochus, ordering him that he may not leave the circle until he withdrawals from Egypt - This showed that the Romans now had a say and control in other people’s policies on top of their own

Question 28

Which Roman writer was furious about the degradation of Roman values from plundered luxuries?

Answer 28

Cato the Elder

Question 29

Who wrote the first history in Latin?

Answer 29

Cato the Elder

Question 30

Define: Delemda est Carthago

Answer 30

"Carthage must be destroyed" Said at the end of Cato the Elder's famous speech urging the Third Punic War

Question 31

How did Cato the Elder persuade the Senate that Carthage had not been punished sufficiently after the Second Punic War?

Answer 31

- He brought in fresh Carthaginian figs to show the Senate just how well Carthage was doing

Question 32

What demands did Rome give to Carthage at the onset of the Third Punic War?

Answer 32

- Disband the Carthaginian army (Hasdrubal complies) - Flee Carthage and cease any Mediterranean influence (Carthage had no choice but to fight)

Question 33

True or False: The Siege of Carthage was one of the worst disasters of extermination in Roman history.

Answer 33

TRUE

Question 34

What 3 reasons caused the Romans to switch from defensive foreign policy to offensive?

Answer 34

1. Senatorial Ambition and Personal Glory 2. Senatorial Greed and Fortune 3. Non-Senatorial Business Interests

Question 35

True or False: In 218 BC, a law was passed stating that senators and their sons could NOT be involved in overseas commerce.

Answer 35

TRUE Why? --> Because they would have ulterior business motives in declaring war

Question 36

Name the city: The Romans sacked it mercilessly, enslaved its citizens, leaving only the Temple of Apollo standing in 146 BC.

Answer 36

Corinth

Question 37

In what year was Carthage sacked?

Answer 37

146 BC

Question 38

In what year do Romans secure complete power in the west?

Answer 38

146 BC

Question 39

In what year do internal struggles in Rome begin?

Answer 39

146 BC