What is the cardiovascular system comprised of?
- Heart
- Blood vessels
What does the cardiovascular system do?
Facilitates the exchange of respiratory gases, nutrients and waste between the capillaries and the body’s cells
What is the renal system comprised of?
- Kidneys
- Ureters
- Urinary bladder
- Urethra
What does the urethra do?
Filters blood, ensuring optimal amounts of nutrients, ions and water are retained, or eliminated from the body
What classification are statins?
Hypolipidaemic agent
How do statins work?
Inhibits one of the liver enzymes required to synthesise cholesterol
List 2 examples of statins
- Atorvastatin
2. Simvastatin
What schedule are statins?
Schedule 4
What does “ACE” stand for?
Angiotensin converting enzyme
What do ACE inhibitors do?
- Prevents Angiotensin I conversion to Angiotensin II
- Decreases BP
- Decreases fluid retention
What are 3 common adverse effects of ACE inhibitors?
- Hypotension
- Dizziness
- Headache
Perindopril is an example of what medication?
ACE inhibitor
Name the schedule, classification and nursing considerations for perindopril
Schedule 4 Classification: Antihypertensive agents Nursing Considerations: - Risk of hypotension - Persistent dry cough
What is Digoxin’s mechanism of action?
Increases the force of myocardial contraction in the failing heart
What should be recorded before administering digoxin?
Pulse rate
What is an example of a parenteral anti-coagulant?
Heparin
What schedule is heparin?
Schedule 4
List 3 nursing considerations for heparin?
- Haemorrhage
- Not to be given IM
- Regular blood tests (APTT)
What is an example of an oral anti-coagulant?
Warfarin
What schedule of warfarin?
Schedule 4
List 3 nursing considerations for warfarin
- Take dose at same time every day
- Avoid large doses of green leafy vegetables
- Vitamin K is an ‘antidote’ to the effects of warfarin
What is an example of an anti-platelet drug?
Aspirin
What does aspirin do?
Inhibits COX enzyme
What is the schedule of aspirin?
Unscheduled or schedule 2
