whats belonging
- As a means of connectedness to other people, ancestors, culture and place
- As contributing to others (doing for others)
whats groups
- Humans are typically members of multiple groups at a time eg family’s, friends, neighbours, clubs
- Each group we belong to also participates in occupations within some setting or another
- All living organisms and their environments are interconnected and dynamic in nature
common features of groups
- Respect
- Connectedness
- Belonging
- Mutual aid
- Care for others
- Altruism to both help and protect on another
- Create n independence and mutral aid
whats communities
: bond among people with strong similar backgrounds and interests
- consist of groups of people who do things together and individual.
- Important roles of social groups is to balances the interests of the individual within the interests of the larger group. Eg ot Australia, WFOT
evolution of community group
- Communities began historically as geographically and genetically defined groups of people who shared the occupations of survival, such as hunting, gathering and defence against enemies (Wilcock, 1998).
- Brain size is closely related to the development of language required through living in social groups
- Interactions of shared occupations requires language, and language fosters more shared occupations
biological forces promoting group living
Ecological niche – environments to which a particular species can successfully adapt. Group living in occupational communities has been key to human evolution & survival. e.g. Eskimo; Kalahari bushmen
Competition – rivalry or struggle between or within species to secure the resources necessary for survival – humans use of language and survival occupations critical in the competition for food and shelter resources
Cooperation – allee effect – when species work together to ensure reproduction and survival of the species
whats the game theory
to determine the mostlikely strategy to be used by players from a given set of rules and to find the best strategy.- Competing strategies creating strategies create balance that furthers the urvival of the population – evolutionary stable strategy.
whats altruism
means the active donation of resources to one or more individuals at cost to the donor eg time, money skills
- For social systems to develop, requires long term group living where members; are able to recognise each other as individuals, recall the history of cooperation by each member
- Keep track of help given ad help received
whats culture
- Beliefs and perceptions, values and norms, customs and behaviours that are shared by a group or society and are passed from one generation to the next through both formal and informal education (Taylor, 2017, p.99)
- Learned and shared patterns of perceiving and adapting to the world (Fitzgerald et al.,1997)
- A system of shared meanings and a dynamic process by which meanings are ascribed to commonly experienced phenomena and objects (Iwama, 2005. p.8)
three elements of a culture
- A lived element – the patterns, forms and structures of everyday life that forms a coherent whole. Eg. Conducting research of people living with disabilities
- Documentary element – the way meaning and culture are framed and communicated in the media eg books and films
- Ideal element–art and literature and elite creative work of the dominant culture eg conceptual models of practice, journal articles
perspectives of examining culture ethic vs ernic
- Etic – culture is observed from an outsider perspective – assumes cultural characteristics are universal
- Emic – observed from an insiders perspective – assumes cultural characteristics are specific and distinctive to that culture
mass society
communities that have deteriorated to the point where there is weak kinship, impersonal neighbourhoods, and a feeling by individuals that they are isolated and alienated
occupational injustice
– where some groups are deprived of occupations, alienated from their true occupational selves or restricted and possibly exploited in their occupations
social capital
set of informal values or norms shared among members of a group that permits cooperation among them
• – obligations, expectations and trustworthiness of structure
• – Information channels
• – Norms and effective sanctions
• – Viewed as antidote to the mass society
social groups
- shared characteristic such as ags, gender, social class or religion
society
set of systems that govern connections between these groups
community
bond among people with strongly similar backgrounds and interests
groups
Humans are typically members of multiple groups at a time
e.g. families, peer groups, neighbourhoods, clubs, organisations
• Each group we belong to also participates in occupations within some settings or another
• All living organisms and their environments are interconnected and dynamic in nature.
whats two ways to measure a persons community
community integration questioaire
community integration measure
whats the community integration questionnaire
Measure a persons level of home and community integration after traumatic brain injury
• Three subscales: Home integration, social integration, productivit
whats the community integration measure
Aims to measure community integration from the perspective of people with ABI
• Perceived connections with the community in four dimensions (general assimilation, support, occupation, independent living)
