- What is a steam separator? SPO 6-7-8 BOW 2-34
In a cyclone steam separator, water and solids are thrown aside by centrifugal force and drain back to the boiler.
A live steam separator uses baffles to change direction of the steam flow separating moisture from the steam. The moisture is drained out with a trap.
- What is an exhaust steam separator (exhaust head)? SPO 6-7-8
It is a centrifugal separator installed on the discharge end of a pip e whenever steam is discharged into the atmosphere such as on a rooftop.
Oil and moisture are collected to prevent them from becoming an environmental problem.
- Name seven qualities of oil that are necessary for good lubrication. SPO 6-7-8
- Withstand heat without breaking down.
- Flow easily at all temperatures.
- Repel moisture.
- Low acid formation.
- High filterability.
- Resist extreme temperatures.
- What are the determining factors when selecting lubricants for use in your plant?
Application, environment, manufacture’s requirements, availability and cost.
- What is an oil separator? SPO 6-7-8
A device used to clean oil of dirt, sludge and other contaminants. The oil is forced to change directions several times at high speeds. Centrifugal force separates dirt, water and contaminants from the oil and are stored in a reservoir until removed.
- What is a boiler horsepower? SPO 6-7-8 LPB 2-3 BOW 2-3-4
It is 34.5 lbs. of evaporation per hour from and at 212 degrees F to dry and saturated steam at the same temperature.
- How much does 1 cubic foot of water weigh and how much does 1 gallon of water weigh? SPO 6-7-8 LPB 2-3 BOW 2-3-4
- 5 lbs. at 62 F
9. 33 lbs. at 62 F
- Convert 122° F. to Centigrade and show your work. SPO 6-7-8 LPB 2-3 BOW 2-3
F - 32x5/9=C (5/9 = .555)
122 – 32 x .555 = 50C.
- Define BTU. SPO 6-7-8 LPB 2-3 BOW 2-3-4
The quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of one pound of water One degree F.
- What is energy? Define force. SPO 6-7-8
Energy is the ability to do work.
Force produces or tends to produce motion
- What is heat? What is latent heat? What is the latent heat of steam and ice? SPO 6-74 LPB 2M BOW 2-3-4
Heat is a form of energy.
Latent heat causes a change of state but not a change of temperature.
The latent heat of steam is 970 BTU’s per lb.
The latent heat of ice is 144 BTU’s per lb.
- Define power. Define work. SPO 6-7-8
Power is the rate at which work is done.
Work is force exerted through a distance.
- What are the three states of matter? Describe the three conditions of steam? SPO 6-7-8 LPB 2-3 BOW 2-3-4
Solid, Liquid, Gas.
Wet steam contains droplets of water that have not yet evaporated.
Saturated Steam is saturated with heat. It contains no moisture. If heat were added it would braise its temperature and if heat were removed it would form condensate.
Superheated Steam has a higher temperature than the boiling temperature corresponding to the boiling pressure.
- Explain the theory of electricity.
The theory of electricity is the flowing of free electrons when electromotive force is applied across a conductor.
- What is current? What is Electromotive Force?
Electric current is a flow of electrons.
Electromotive force is an electric pressure that frees the electrons and causes them to move along a conductor.
- What is a conductor? What is an insulator?
A conductor is substance that permits charge flow when EMF is applied.
An insulator is a substance that does not carry a charge flow easily.
- What is resistance? How is resistance measured?
It is a physical property that opposes current and dissipates real power in the form of heat.
Resistance is measured in ohms.
- Define Volt? Define Ampere?
A force or pressure which causes an electron flow of one ampere through a resistance of one ohm.
One ampere of current is said to flow when coulomb of electricity passes a given point in a conductor in one second.
- Define Ohm’s Law.
Current is directly proportional to a voltage change and inversely proportional to a resistance change.
- If in a 240-volt circuit you have a 20-amp load, what will the resistance be? If you have a 2400-watt heater and 240-volt service, what would the amperage load be?
Volts ÷ Amps = Ohms
Watts ÷ Volts = Amps
- Using a 100’ long wire, which will have more resistance, a No. 12 or No. 14?
14 is smaller wire. It will have the most resistance.
- Draw a circuit
(Draw)
- What is alternating current? What is direct current? What are four advantages of each?
Alternating current is a periodic current, which has an average value of zero.
Direct current is a current with a constant value.
Alternating current has a value that can easily be changed with a transformer, easily transmitted over long distances, safer for domestic situations and has low line loss.
Direct current is cheaper to produce, is used in speed controlling equipment, it can be stored chemically and works well in electronic circuits.
- How is power measured? What is watt? How many watts in 1 kilowatt? How many watts are equal to one horsepower? SPO 6-7-8
Power is measured in Watts.
A watt is a unit of electrical power defined as a rate of doing work.
1000 watts = 1 Kilowatt
746 watts = 1 horsepower
