2B.10C

Question 1

What might climate change create

Answer 1

Environmental refugees

Question 2

Normal refugees vs environmental refugees

Answer 2

• Environmental refugees are not protected by international laws. They face greater political risks than refugees who flee their homes due to conflict or political oppression.
• Unlike traditional refugees, climate refugees may be sent back to their devastated homeland or forced into a refugee camp

Question 3

Example of environmental refugees in coastal areas?

Answer 3

Maldives or Tuvalu Islands

Question 4

Describe the islands in the maldives

Answer 4

1,190 islands
Flattest country on Earth
600,000 tourists each year

Question 5

4 main stresses on male, maldives

Answer 5

Storm surges
Lack of freshwater
SLR of 1.5ft by 2100
If SLR of 3m, then inundated by 2085

Question 6

Describe pd in male

Answer 6

capital city, 33% of population live there

Question 7

Define refugee

Answer 7

Seeking persecution in their own country
Changes country for safety

Question 8

Define environmental refugee

Answer 8

immigrants forced to flee because of natural disasters, such as volcanoes and tsunamis

Question 9

State three sources of enviro refugees

Answer 9

Philippines- 6.8million people in 2013 due to storms
New Orleans – 1million after Hurricane Katrina
NY / Venice / Shanghai / Bangladeshi rice farmers

Question 10

Describe the current situation in maldives for enviro refugees

Answer 10

Moving between islands - maldives underwater by 2085
400,000 people might need mainland countries
Too small to cover insurance and associated costs

Question 11

Describe how enviro refugees treated differently with example of NZ

Answer 11

• NZ refused Kiribati residents residency status (just labour)
• NZ did accept ’exceptional humanitarian grounds’ (frequent coastal flooding, erosion, lack of fresh water) – and because children were particularly vulnerable to natural disasters / CC

Question 12

4 reasons for enviro refugees

Answer 12

• Security for women and children is a requirement for refugees (and erosion means a loss of food)
• China is the country most responsible for emissions, so its an international problem
• Sea defences don’t work, and tourism will suffer
• Salt-water incursion is making subsistence agriculture impossible
  High density of population creates drugs and crime problems, so desperate communities

Question 13

5 reasons against enviro refugees

Answer 13

• Maldives removed itself from the Commonwealth, because of perceived interference, which led to a 20% cut in sea-defences.
• Some migrants have moved to Canada: a brain drain, which impacts R&D
  -There are question marks over the Maldives governments – why do they really want to leave? Lose culture and traditions - risk of segregation in next country
• There are question marks over Maldivian refugees joining Islamic State
• Should be promoting resilience

Question 14

What countries are maldivian environmental refugees going to and why have they chosen these countries

Answer 14

• Aus, sri lanka and india
• last two : similar culture and cuisine soeasier assimilation
• The 2022-23 budget estimate for Australian Official Development Assistance to Maldives is $2.8 million.

Question 15

What countries are maldivian environmental refugees going to and why have they chosen these countries

Answer 15

• Aus, sri lanka and india
• last two : similar culture and cuisine soeasier assimilation
• The 2022-23 budget estimate for Australian Official Development Assistance to Maldives is $2.8 million.