HUBS192 > 34 > Flashcards

34 Flashcards

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1
Q

Are there differnces between male and and female reproductive systems

A

Yes

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2
Q

What are gonads ?

A

Organs where gametes (sex cells) are produced

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3
Q

Gonads in females - what are they called and what do they produce ?

A

Ovary - oocytes

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4
Q

Gonads in males - what do they produce ?

A
  • testes - spermatozoa
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5
Q

Genitalia allow for…?

A

Coitus

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6
Q

What does genitalia allowing for coitus allow for?

A
  • allow gametes to fuse to form an embryo (fertilisation)
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7
Q

What is the pelvis ?

A
  • bony basin between trunk and the lower limbs
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8
Q

What is the pelvis comprised of

A
  • hip bones + sacrum + coccyx
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9
Q
A
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10
Q

Pelvis inlet is open/closed

A

Open

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11
Q

Pelvic outlet is open/closed

A

Pelvic outlet is closed by muscles

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12
Q

Which is bigger? Inlet or outlet?

A

Inlet is always bigger then outlet

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13
Q
A
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14
Q

The two pelvic subdivisions

A
  • false/ greater pelvis
  • true/lesser pelvis
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15
Q

Features of the false/greater pelvis

A
  • superior region
  • above pelvic inlet
  • contains parts of the GI tract
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16
Q

True / lesser pelvis

A
  • inferior region
  • between inlet and outlet
  • contains internal reproductive organs
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17
Q

Female vs male

A

Female:
- broader sub public angle
- oval inlet
- straighter coccyx

Male:
- narrower subpubic angle
- heart shaped inlet
- curved coccyx

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18
Q

What does the pelvic floor ( pelvic diaphragm) do?

A
  • closes over pelvic outlet
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19
Q

Two muscles of the pelvic floor

A
  • levator ani
  • coccyeus
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20
Q

Opening s in the pelvic floor

A
  • urethra
  • anal canal
  • Vagina
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21
Q
A
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22
Q

Where is the male perineum ?

A

Region inferior to the pelvic floor and between upper region of the thoughts

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23
Q

Male perineum includes…..

A
  • external genitalia
  • anus
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24
Q

Divisions of the male perineum

A

Two triangular divisions

Anterior: urogenital triangle
- urethral openeing; external genitalia

Posterior: anal triangle
- anal canal and fat

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25
26
Internal reproductive organs are found in the cavity enclosed by…
The true pelvis
27
What triangle of what region is the external genitalia found in?
The external genitalia is found in the eurogenital triangle of the perineal region
28
Openings in the male pelvic floor include…
Urethra Anus
29
Openings in the female pelvic floor include..
Urethra Anus Vagina
30
Functions of the male reproductive system
- to produce spermatozoa (sperm / male gamete) - transport spermatozoa into the female reproductive tract
31
Male reproductive system is made up of
- testes (male gonad) - reproductive tract/duct - accessory structures and glands
32
33
Male reproductive tract ?
- path that sperm travel along
34
What does the male reproductive react consist of?
- testes - epididymis - ductus (vas) deferens - ejaculatory duct - urethra
35
36
What does the scrotum contain?
- two testes - two epiididymides - two spermatic cards (with part of ductus deferns)
37
What do the testes produce
- produce sperm, testosterone and inhibit
38
Where do testes lie
- lie in scrotum - outside
39
What are the testes surrounded by?
Surrounded by dense fibrous capsule: the tunica albuginea
40
Testes have lobules containing…
Seminiferous tubules
41
Seminiferous tubules join to form
Rete testis
42
Rete testis join to form…
Efferent ductules leading to epididymis
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44
Seminiferous tubules - cells associated with them and what they do
- Interstitial endocrine (leydig) cels produce testosterone - nurse (sertoli) cells produce inhibin - supermatogenic cells - spermatogonia and spermatozoa at various stages of development
45
What does the epididymis consist of?
- head, body, tail
46
Where does the sperm enter the epididymis and exit from?
- sperm enter from seminiferous tubules and exit via ductus deferens
47
What is the site of sperm maturation?
Epididymis
48
49
what continues on to epidermis
ductus deferens
50
Where does the ductus deferens start?
Starts in the spermatic cord
51
What is the ductus deferens covered by?
Smooth muscle
52
Where does the ductus deferens run in relation to the urinary bladder?
Posterior
53
Ductus deferens dilates to form the
Ampulla
54
What are the ejaculatory ducts formed by?
- formed by the union of the duct from the seminal vesicles and the ampulla
55
Where does the ejaculatory ducts open into?
Opens in the prostatic urethra
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Two functions of the male urethra
Urination and ejaculation
58
Three changes in epithelium down the urethra
- transitional - columnar - stratified
59
Three sections of the male urethra
- prostatic urethra - membranous urethra - penile/spongy urethra
60
Urethral sphincters - external and internal
- external: skeletal muscle, voluntary control of urination - internal: detrusor muscle: closes bladder ensuring sperm ejaculated through the urethra (Retrograde ejactulation: sphincter doesn’t close; therefore, sperm ends up in bladder)
61
Retrograde ejaculation:
- sphincter doesn’t close; therefore, spermicide ends up in bladder
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Spermatogenesis occurs in..
The seminiferous tubules within the testes
65
The path of sperm
- form the seminiferous tubules, the spermatozoa travel into the epidymis, the duct deferns, the ejaculatory ducts and finally the urethra
66
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