Where are accessory structures located
in and on the cutaneous membrane
Nails
- function
-formed by what
-different parts of it
-protect the distal tissue of the fingers and toes
-Nail body is formed by keratinized scaly cells at the nail root
-Nail bed is formed from specialized epidermal cells that attach to the underside of the nail body (has a lot of blood vessels making it pink)
-Lunula is a dense half-moon shaped region visible at he base of the nail plate (area of active growth)
Hair
-formed by what
-different parts of it
- formed from keratinized scaly cells
-hair shaft forms in the hair bulb where it grows for several years before becoming dormant and shedding
-hair bulb is nourished by the hair papilla, a network of blood vessels at he base of the follicle
-arrector pili muscles
arrector pilli muscle
-what is it
-function
-attaches to the bulb of each hair
-it contracts to stand the hair on end in response to environmental stimuli, such as when goos bumps form
sebaceous glands
-what is it
-function
-if blocked what happens
-produce and release oily sebum into each hair follicle
-functions to coat and protect the hair to keep it from becoming brittle and breaking
-if blocked it causes inflammation and appears red (acne)
Sweat glands (sudoriferous glands)
-function
-location
-release water, salts, and wastes onto the skin surface
-coiled glands deep with in the dermis
Eccrine sweat gland function
release watery sweat to regulate body temp
Apocrine sweat glands
-size
- location
-functions
-larger
-lie deeper in the dermis
-empty into hair follicles instead of by pores
-release a thicker sweat that may be degraded by bacteria causing a smell
What do and don’t the palms of the hands and soles of the feet have
do
-eccrine sweat glands
-ridges and folds to improve grip
dont
- hair
-sebaceous gland
