Derivative benefits
1) Transfer/manage existing risk
2) Easier to get short position
3) Lower transactions cost compared to cash market
4) Less cash required/higher leverage
5) Greater liquidity
6) Improve efficiency of market prices
Derivative benefits - information
1) Expected volatility
2) Estimates of future prices
3) Expected changes in interest rates
Basis risk
Underlying mismatch with hedged risk
Derivative risks
1) Liquidity risk
2) Counterparty credit risk
3) Systemic risks
Cash flow hedge
Fixed rate payer swap to reduce uncertainty about future floating rate interest payments
Fair value hedge
Floating rate payer swap to offset changes int he balance sheet
Net value hedge
Hedging the value of a foreign subsidiary’s equity on a parent’s balance sheet