A - Linear motion :)

Question 1

Whats a scaler quantity and give 3 examples

Answer 1

When measurements are only described in terms of size or magnitude
e.g mass, distance, speed

Question 2

Whats a vector quantity and give 5 examples

Answer 2

When measurements are described in terms of magnitude and direction
e.g weight, acceleration, displacement, velocity, momentum

Question 3

How are vectors usually represented?

Answer 3

*By arrows
*Length of arrow shows magnitude
*Longer the arrow the bigger the size
*Direction is shown by the line of application

Question 4

Define mass

Answer 4

A physical quantity expressing the amount of mass or substance in a body
Measured in kg

Question 5

Whats weight?

Answer 5

The force given to mass due to gravity

Question 6

How do you calculate weight?

Answer 6

Mass (kg) x Gravity (9.8) = Weight (N)

Question 7

Define distance

Answer 7

The length of the path a body follows when moving from one position to another
Measured in m

Question 8

Define displacement

Answer 8

The length of a straight line joining the start and finish
Measured in m

Question 9

Define speed

Answer 9

*Measured in m/s
*Bodies movement per unit of time with no reference of direction

Question 10

Define velocity

Answer 10

*Measured in m/s
*The rate of change of displacement/ how fast a body travels in a certain direction

Question 11

Whats the equation for speed?

Answer 11

Speed (m/s) = distance (m)/ time (s)

Question 12

Whats the equation for velocity?

Answer 12

Velocity (m/s) = displacement (m) / time (s)

Question 13

Draw a distance time graph for a stationary performer

Answer 13

Linear Motion A on sheet

Question 14

Draw a distance time graph for running at a constant rate

Answer 14

Linear Motion B on sheet

Question 15

Draw a distance time graph for accelerating

Answer 15

Linear Motion C on sheet

Question 16

Draw a distance time graph for decelerating

Answer 16

Linear Motion D on sheet

Question 17

Draw a velocity-time /speed-time graph for travelling at a constant velocity/ speed

Answer 17

Linear Motion E on sheet

Question 18

Draw a velocity-time /speed-time graph for increasing velocity / accelerating

Answer 18

Linear Motion F on sheet

Question 19

Draw a velocity-time /speed-time graph for decreasing velocity / decelerating

Answer 19

Linear Motion G on sheet

Question 20

Draw a velocity-time/speed-time graph for changing directions

Answer 20

Linear Motion H on sheet

Question 21

Define acceleration

Answer 21

The rate in change of velocity
*Measured in m/s2

Question 22

How do you calculate acceleration?

Answer 22

Acceleration (m/s2) = change in velocity (m/s) / time (s)

Question 23

How do you calculate velocity?

Answer 23

(final velocity - initial velocity)
/
Time

Question 24

How do you calculate momentum?

Answer 24

mass(kg) x velocity(m/s)

Question 25

Define an external force e.g?

Answer 25

Comes from outside the body e.g friction, gravity, air resistance

Question 26

Define an internal force e.g?

Answer 26

Is generated by the skeletal muscles e.g quadriceps contracting to extend the knee

Question 27

What are examples of vertical forces?

Answer 27

Weight Reaction force

Question 28

Describe weight

Answer 28

*Vertical force *Gravitational force earth exerts on a body = mass x acceleration

Question 29

Describe reaction force

Answer 29

*Vertical force *Newtons 3rd law *Occurs when two bodies are in contact with each other

Question 30

What are examples of horizontal forces?

Answer 30

Frictional forces Air resistance

Question 31

Describe frictional forces

Answer 31

*Horizontal force *Static (before an object starts to slide) or sliding (two bodies in contact slide over each other)

Question 32

What are the factors that affect friction?

Answer 32

*Surface characteristics of two bodies in contact - increase roughness/hardness = increase frict *Temperature of bodies - increase warmth = increase frict *Mass of object - increase mass = increase frict

Question 33

Describe air resistance

Answer 33

*Horizontal force *Opposes the motion of a body travelling through the air

Question 34

What are the factors affecting air resistance?

Answer 34

*Velocity of moving body - faster = increased AR *Frontal cross sectional area of moving body - larger = increased AR *Shape and surface characteristics of moving body - less stream line and rough = increased AR

Question 35

Draw the force arrows for gravity, reaction force, friction and air resistance

Answer 35

SHEET linear motion I

Question 36

What is a net force?

Answer 36

*Resultant force acting on a body *Balanced or unbalanced (one force is larger) forces

Question 37

Define impulse

Answer 37

The measure of force applied over time to an object/body and relates to a change over time to a change in momentum that occurs as a constant

Question 38

How is impulse calculated?

Answer 38

Impulse (Ns) = force (N) x time (s)

Question 39

What is impulse used in sport to do?

Answer 39

*Add speed to a body or object *Slow down moving bodies slowing on impact

Question 40

Draw a force time graph for the start of the 100m race (impulse)

Answer 40

SHEET linear motion J

Question 41

Draw a force time graph for the middle of the 100m race (impulse)

Answer 41

SHEET linear motion K

Question 42

Draw a force time graph for the end of the 100m race (impulse)

Answer 42

SHEET linear motion L

Question 43

Draw a force time graph for pushing out of the blocks at the start of the 100m race (impulse)

Answer 43

SHEET linear motion M