ACL questions

Question 1

what are the 3 muscles in the hamstring?

Answer 1

biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus.

Question 2

what do the hamstring muscles do?

Answer 2

work together to cause flexion at knee and extension at the hip, aswell as stabilising the knee

Question 3

What movements does the acl control?

Answer 3

The ACL controls anterior translation of the tibia aswell as providing rotational stability

Question 4

Why does fatigue increase acl injury risk?

Answer 4

fatigue reduces neuromuscular control, meaning slower reaction times, poorer landing mechanics, and weaker hip–knee stability.

Question 5

How long is the typical recovery time after acl reconstruction?

Answer 5

Most players require 9 to 12 months before returning to competitive sport, although elite athletes often require longer to regain full strength, confidence, and neuromuscular control.

Question 6

What age group is most at risk of ACL injuries?

Answer 6

The highest risk group is typically 15–25 years old, especially in female athletes, when they train heavily and compete frequently.

Question 7

Which muscles stabilise the knee joint?

Answer 7

Key stabilisers include the quadriceps, hamstrings, gluteus medius and maximus, calf muscles, and hip external rotators.

Question 8

what is the anatomy of the ACL?

Answer 8

One of 4 major knee ligaments. runs from the posterior femur to anterior tibia

Question 9

Why are females more likely to get ACL injury compared to men?

Answer 9

• Biomechanics: Increased knee valgus, hip internal rotation, and foot pronation.
  
  • Neuromuscular: Slower hamstring activation, quadriceps-dominant landings.
  • Anatomy: Wider pelvis → increased Q-angle.
  • Hormonal factors: Oestrogen fluctuations → ligament laxity changes.

Question 10

What is knee valgus?

Answer 10

when the knees bend inwards, slightly towards each other. increases the risk of ACL tear.