Anatomy

Question 1

What nerve innervates the superficial pectoral and waht is the action

Answer 1

Cranial pectoral n –> Adduct shoulder

Question 2

What nerve innervates the deep pectoral and what is the fx

Answer 2

caudal pectoral
extends/flexes and adducts the shoulder

Question 3

What nerve innervates brachiocephalicus and function

Answer 3

accessory, extends shoulder

Question 4

What nerve innervates the trapezuis

Answer 4

Accessory, abdudcts shoulder

Question 5

what nerve innervats the latissimus dorsi

Answer 5

thoracodorsal n, flexes shoulder

Question 6

what nerve innervates the supraspinatus

Answer 6

suprascapular, extends shoulder

Question 7

what nerve innervates the infraspinatus

Answer 7

suprascapularn, extends/flexes shoulder, abducts and laterally rotates

Question 8

What innervates the teres minor

Answer 8

axillary, flexus shoulder

Question 9

what innervates teres major

Answer 9

axillary, flexes and medially rotates shoulder

Question 10

what innervates the subscapularis

Answer 10

subscapular nerve, extends and adducts the shoulder, medially rotates

Question 11

what innervates the deltoideus

Answer 11

axillary, flexes shoulder, abducts humerus

Question 12

what innervates the coracobrachialis

Answer 12

musculocutaneous, extends and adducts shoulder

Question 12

what innervates the biceps brachii

Answer 12

musculocutaneous, extends shoulder, flexes elbow

Question 13

What muscles are involved in shoulder flexion?

Answer 13

deep pectoral, lat dorsi, infraspinatus, teres minor, teres major, delt

Question 14

What muscles are involved in shoulder extension

Answer 14

deep pectoral, brachiocephalicus, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, subscapularis, coracobrachialis, biceps brachii

Question 15

What is involved in shoulder adduction

Answer 15

superficial pectoral, deep pectoral, subscap, coracobrachialis

Question 16

what is involved in humeral adduction

Answer 16

superficial pectoral, deep pectoral

Question 17

what is involvedi n humeral abduction

Answer 17

trap, infraspinatus, deltoid

Question 18

What muscles are involved in humeral lateral rotation

Answer 18

infraspinatus

Question 19

what muscles are involved in humeral medial rotation

Answer 19

subscap

Question 20

what makes up the shoulder joint

Answer 20

labrum, lateral and medial glenohumeral ligament, tendon of biceps, subscapularis and coracobrachialis, supeaspinatus, infraspintaus, teres minor

Question 21

Wht innervates the triceps

Answer 21

radial nerve, extends elbow

Question 22

what innervates the deltoid

Answer 22

axillary, flexes and abducts shoulder

Question 23

what innervates supraspinatus

Answer 23

suprascapular, extends shoulder

Question 24

What are the muscle bellies of the triceps

Answer 24

MALL Medial accessory long lateral

Question 25

what muscle starts above the shoulder and extends distal to the elbow?

Answer 25

biceps brachi and LONG head of triceps

Question 26

How much do the distal and proximal radial physis contribute to growth

Answer 26

Prox 30-50% disal 30-50%

Question 27

How much does the distal and proximal ulnar physis contribute to growth

Answer 27

distal 100%

Question 28

Forelimb superficial digital flexor innervation is what nerve

Answer 28

median

Question 29

What are the external rotators of the hip?

Answer 29

PGQIE Piriformis Gemeli quadratis femoris internal and external obturator

Question 30

what are the internal rotators of the hip

Answer 30

gluteals

Question 31

what are the extensors of the hip

Answer 31

piriformis and middle gluteal

Question 32

what are signs of femoral nerve injury

Answer 32

failure of stifle extension, absent patellar, abnormal medial digit sensation

Question 33

What joint of the tarsus has 90% motion

Answer 33

tarsocrural

Question 34

what are muscles that make up the common calcaneal tendon

Answer 34

B-GGSS biceps femoris Gastroc Gracilis SDF semitentinosis

Question 35

What is the path for the cranial (lateral) cruciate ligament

Answer 35

attaches to the caudomedial aspect of the lateral femoral condyle and the caudolateral part of the intercondyloid fossa of the femur and runs in a cranial, medial, distal direction to the cranial intercondylar area Larger caudolateral band and a smaller craniomedial band

Question 36

What is the path for the caudal (medial) cruciate

Answer 36

attaches to lateral surface of the medial femoral condyle and runs caudodistally to attach to the medial edge of the popliteal notch of the tibia, medial to the caudal emniscotibial ligament of the lateral meniscus

Question 37

What are the 6 articulations of the ankle?

Answer 37

Tarsocrural, talocalcaneal, talocalcaneocentral, calcaneoquartal, centrodistal, tarsometatarsal

Question 38

What is the arterial blood supply to the tarsus

Answer 38

Cranial tibial --> dorsal pedal @ level of the tarsocrural joint --> dorsal metatarsal arteries. - This supplies the dorsal and lateral aspects of tarsus plantar branch of saphenous - supplies the medial and plantar aspect of the foot

Question 39

What is the innervation to the tarsus

Answer 39

two branches of sciatic 1. tibial nerve --> medial and lateral plantar nerve at level of tarsocrural joint 2. Common peroneal nerve --> divides into superficial and deep Saphenous nerve - branch of femoral and provides cutaneous innervation to the dorsalmedal part of the tarsus and metatarsus

Question 40

What is venous drainage of the tarsus

Answer 40

medial and lateral saphenous veins

Question 41

What are the 5 types of central tarsal bone fractures

Answer 41

Type I: non displaced dorsal slab fracture Type II: displaced dorsal slab fracture Type III: large dispalced medial fragment Type IV: medial slab fracture with dorsal slab fracture Type V comminuted fracture

Question 42

What is the location of the cranial nerves?

Answer 42

○ CN VI - XII arise from the medulla oblongata ○ CN V connects to the pons ○ CN III and IV arise from the midbrain ○ CN II arises from the diencephalon ○ CN I arises from the olfactory bulb

Question 43

What are the three medial collateral ligaments of the tarsus?

Answer 43

Long part (most superficial) Short part: - tibiocentral - Tibiotalar

Question 44

What is the long part of the medial collateral tarsus ligament

Answer 44

runs from medial malleolus to 1st tarsal bone tight in extension, loos in flexion

Question 45

what are the parts to the short part of the medial collateral ligament of the tarsus?

Answer 45

1. tibiocentral- tight in extension, loose in flexion 2. Tibiotalar- tight in flexion losse in extension (most substaintail portion of the MCL)

Question 46

What are the lateral collateral ligaments of the tarsus?

Answer 46

long lateral short- calcaneofibular, talofibular

Question 47

What is the long lateral collateral ligament of the tarsus?

Answer 47

tight in extension, loose in flexion

Question 48

what are the short ligaments of the lateral collateral ligament of the tarsus?

Answer 48

1. calcaneofibular- tight in extension, loose in flexion 2. Talofibular- tight in flexion, loose in extension | cats only hae short collateral ligaments medial and lateral

Question 49

What crosses all three joints of the carpus?

Answer 49

antebrachial muscles and tendons carpal ligaments do not

Question 50

what are the dorsal ligaments of the carpus

Answer 50

1. radioulnar 2. dorsal radiocarpal 3. short ulnar collateral 4. short radiocollateral

Question 51

what are the palmar ligaments of the carpus?

Answer 51

1. short radial collateral 2. palmar radiocarpal 3. palmar ulnocarpal 4. accessory MC ligaments 5. short intercarpal ligaments 6. flexor retinaculum 7. palmar fibrocartilage