Animal Form and Function

Question 1

Homeostasis

Answer 1

Ability to maintain dynamic equilibrium around a set point

Question 2

Animal needs to maintain ________ while responding to the external environmental changes.

Answer 2

Normal internal environment

Question 3

How metabolic rate and body mass proportional?

Answer 3

Inversely proportional

smaller body mass have higher metabolic rate

Question 4

Which have higher metabolic rate;mice or elephant?

Answer 4

Mice

bcus they have larger surface area to volume ratio therefore they lose heat at a faster rate and require more energy to maintain constant temperature.

Question 5

Ectothermic animals

Answer 5

Animals that varies according to the environmental temperature. (Don’t use energy to stay warm)

နွေးအောင်နေပူခံ / ပူရင်အရိပ်ထဲနေ

Question 6

Endothermic animals

Answer 6

Animals that can maintain a constant internal body temperature despite the environmental temperature.

eg.Human 37 degrees

Question 7

Animal body plans follow pattern related to_____.

Answer 7

Symmetry

Question 8

What are animal body plans based on symmetrical?

Answer 8

1)Asymmetry
2)Radial
3)Bilateral

Question 9

Asymmetrical animals

Answer 9

Animals with no symmetry
eg.sponge

Question 10

Radial symmetry animals

Answer 10

Animal whose body parts are arranged around a central point (having up-down orientation)
eg.aquatic animals

Question 11

Do radial symmetry animals have definite right and left side?

Answer 11

No
Any plane cut along its longitudinal axis produces equal have but not a definite left and right side.

Question 12

Bilateral symmetry animals

Answer 12

Animals that one line (plane cut) can separates its into definite right and left sides.(Like a mirror image)

eg.human,dogs and goats

Question 13

Anterior

Answer 13

Front side

Question 14

Posterior

Answer 14

Back or hind side

Question 15

Dorsal

Answer 15

Towards the back or upper side (ကျောကိုအပေါ်ကနေမြင်ရတဲ့အပိုင်း)

Question 16

Ventral

Answer 16

Towards the stomach or lower side

Question 17

Bilateral symmetry animals is found both_____ and _____.

Answer 17

Land animals and aquatic animals

Question 18

Bilateral symmetry animal enables ______.

Answer 18

high level of mobility

Question 19

Aquatic animal wuth bilateral symmetry have ______ body shape.

Answer 19

Fusiform
(tubular shaped body that is tapered at both ends)

Question 20

Whis is the advantage of having fusiform body shaped in aquatic bilateral symmetry animals?

Answer 20

Their body shape can decrease the drag(water resistance) on the body so they can swim with high speeds.

Question 21

Aquatic organisms are constrained by____.

Answer 21

Forces of drag (water resistance)

Question 22

Land-dwelling organisms are constrained by____.

Answer 22

Gravity

Question 23

Flying organisms are constrained by____.

Answer 23

Mainly by gravity

Question 24

Force of drag and gravity; which is stronger?

Answer 24

Force of drag bcus water have higher viscosity than air

Question 25

Exoskeleton

Answer 25

Hard covering or shell

Question 26

Functions of exoskeleton

Answer 26

1)Protection against damage from predator 2)Prevent water loss 3)Attachment to the muscles

Question 27

Exoskeleton may be constructed of a tough polymer _____.

Answer 27

Chitin (CaCO3လိုmineralတွေလဲပါတတ်)

Question 28

______ are ingrowths exoskeleton of arthropod.

Answer 28

Apodemes -attachment site of muscles

Question 29

Types of animal body planes

Answer 29

1)Sagittal plane 2)Midsagittal plane or median plane 3)Frontal plane or coronal plane 4)Transverse plane or horizontal plane 5)Oblique plane

Question 30

Sagittal plane ?

Answer 30

A plane divides the body into right and left portions

Question 31

Median plane

Answer 31

Midsaggital plane that divides body exactly in the middle making two equal right and left halves.

Question 32

Coronal plane

Answer 32

Fronal plane that separates anterior(ventral) and posterior(dorsal) part

Question 33

Transverse plane

Answer 33

Horizonal plane that divides body into upper and lower sections

Question 34

Oblique plane

Answer 34

Transverse plane that cut at an angle

Question 35

Two major cavitues of vertebrates are_____ &______.

Answer 35

1)Dorsal cavity 2)Ventral cavity

Question 36

Dorsal cavity contain _____ & ____.

Answer 36

1)Cranial cavity (Brain) 2)Vertebral or spinal cavity

Question 37

Ventral cavity contains_____ & ______.

Answer 37

1)Thoracic cavity 2)Abdominopelvic cavity

Question 38

Thoracic cavity contain_____& ______.

Answer 38

1)Pleural cavity around the lungs 2)Pericardial cavity around the heart

Question 39

Abdominopelvic cavity contain____ &______.

Answer 39

1)Abdominal cavity 2)Pelvic cavity

Question 40

Thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity is separated by_____.

Answer 40

Diaphragm

Question 41

Abdominopelvic cavity is separated into abdominal cavity and pelvic cavity by______.

Answer 41

Imaginary line parallel to the pelvis bones

Question 42

In organisms,exchange of nutrients and waste products between cells and its ECF is undergoing by____.

Answer 42

Diffusion

Question 43

All living organisms are _____ even tho they’re single or multicellular.

Answer 43

bathed in liquid

Question 44

Diffusion is efficient for both small and large cells.True or False?

Answer 44

False Diffusion is efficient for smaller organisms.If cell is too large,diffusion is ineffective.

Question 45

Bigger cell have ______ surface-area-to-volume ratio.

Answer 45

Decrease Therfore diffusion is less effective.

Question 46

How larger organisms arrange in order to get efficient diffusion?

Answer 46

To become multicellular(Bigger cellအကြီးကြီးတခုအစား CellသေးသေးလေးတွေအများကြီးဆိုDiffusionပိုကောင်း)

Question 47

All organisms must obtain energy from their diet.True or Fasle?

Answer 47

True

Question 48

Animal store energy as _____ for short-term usage.

Answer 48

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

Question 49

Animal stores energy as ____ for slightly longer times and for much longer time they stores in the form of _____.

Answer 49

Glycogen in muscle or liver cells Triglycerides(TAG) in adipose tissues

Question 50

All energy systems are 100% efficient.True or False?

Answer 50

False No all energy systems are 100% efficient.

Question 51

Why energy systems are not 100% efficient?

Answer 51

Bcus not all energy are usable for organisms and animal’s metabolism releases waste energy as heat.

Question 52

Metabolic rate

Answer 52

Amount of energy consumed by an animal over a specific time Unit-Joules,calories or kilocalories

Question 53

Metabolic rate in endothermic animals at rest

Answer 53

Measured by basal metabolic rate (BMR)

Question 54

Metabolic rate in ectothermic animals at rest

Answer 54

Measured by standard metabolic rate(SMR)

Question 55

Which can conserve heat energy;ectotherm or endotherm?

Answer 55

Endotherm can conserve heat energy by used of insulation.

Question 56

Which require more energy to maintain a constant temperature;ectotherm or endotherm?

Answer 56

Endotherm (even with insulation and heat conservation)

Question 57

Which have higher BMR; Mice or eleplants?

Answer 57

Mice Bcus they lose energy at faster rate and require more energy to maintain constant internal temperature.So they have high metabolic rate and high BMR.

Question 58

Smaller endothermic animals have higher BMR than larger endothermic animals.True or False?

Answer 58

True

Question 59

The more active the animal is,the higer its BMR or SMR.True or False?

Answer 59

True bcus the more energy is required to maintain that activity

Question 60

Torpor?

Answer 60

*Adaptation of animal to save energy and survive in tough conditions* In torpor,animal 1)slow down its body activity 2)lowers its metabolism 3)reduces its body temperature

Question 61

Hibernation

Answer 61

aka Winter torpor Animals maintains their temperature to survive during winter season

Question 62

Estivation

Answer 62

Animals that adapt to survive in hot,dry places with little water (torpor in summer)

Question 64

Torpor can occur on a daily basis;True or False?

Answer 64

True (in bats and hummingbirds) Conserver energy during the coldest part of the day bcus they lost heat faster bcus of high surface area to volume ratio.So they need more energy to maintain constant temperature.Daily torpor helps them to conserve energy.