Caravel
a highly maneuverable ship developed by the Portuguese in the 15th century. It was designed to be a lighter and faster ship for exploration
Carrack
large cargo ship designed by portuguese in the 14th to 15th century. Large enough to be stable in heavy seas and had room for a lot of cargo for long voyages
Fluyt
cargo vessel developed by the Dutch in the 16th century. Built for transoceanic delivery. Not designed to be a warship. Construction of flights was cheaper than other ships. Lead to lower costs.
Lateen sail
triangular sails that were mounted at an angle to the mast. Dated back to Roman times. Allowed for travel into new world
Compass
a magnetized iron needle used for navigation. The Song dynasty started using them for navigation.
Astrolabe
maps of the night sky. Divided into grids used for navigation
Columbus
Known for his travels across the Atlantic Ocean. And his colonization/exploration of the Americas
Pizarro
conquered the Inca empire is South Africa
Cortes
Conquered the Aztec empire
Henry the Navigator
A Portuguese prince who sponsored voyages along the coast of Africa
Magellan
Led the first expedition to circle the earth
What did the Dutch focus on with their colonies?
They focused on exploring water routes, so they could gain more settlements and improve trade for themselves.
What were French explorers looking for?
Northwest passage
What was the Columbian Exchange? What impact did it have on the different sides?
The trading of goods between the old and new world. Spread disease to natives. New foods and plants were introduced and new technologies were introduced.
What was the “Great Dying”?
When disease introduced from the columbian exchange killed of a large number of the Native American population
What was the Triangular Trade? What did each region provide to the trade?
A system of trade to increase wealth. Finished goods were sent from Europe to Africa in exchange for slaves which were sent to the Americas, where they worked on farms to create raw goods which were sent to Europe.
How did the Ming Dynasty handle trade with foreign powers? Why?
They focused on restricting trade because they didn’t want their culture to turn into that of foreigners so they would restrict trade to limit the contact of people.
How did the Kongo empire relate to Europeans?
The Kongo and Europeans both used slaves. They participated in trade with the Portuguese
How did the Asante empire relate to Europeans?
Asante engaged in trade with the Europeans
What impact did the slave trade have on African populations?
Grew their power/helped them come to power. They became a primary trading partner.
Mit’a
Incan system discussing the work of all able bodied civilians
Indentured servitude
a person has their transportation to the colony paid for but in return they have to serve their benefactor for a certain number of years to pay it off
Chattel slavery
unlike African systems where slaves were people, chattel slavery treats the slaves as property. Later this became hereditary
Haciendas
This was where state owners directly employed Native Americans to work on their land.
