Appendicular Skeleton (Lower Limb)

Question 1

What bones fuse to form the hip bone (pelvic girdle)?

Answer 1

Ilium

Ischium

Pubis

Question 2

What is the acetabulum?

Answer 2

A socket formed by the ilium, ischium, and pubis that articulates with the femoral head

Question 3

Name key landmarks of the ilium.

Answer 3

Iliac crest

ASIS (anterior superior iliac spine)

AIIS (anterior inferior iliac spine)

PSIS (posterior superior iliac spine)

PIIS (posterior inferior iliac spine)

Iliac fossa

Auricular surface

Greater sciatic notch

Question 3

Name key landmarks of the ischium.

Answer 3

Ischial spine

Ischial tuberosity

Lesser sciatic notch

Ischiopubic ramus

Question 4

Name key landmarks of the pubis.

Answer 4

Body of pubis

Pubic crest

Superior pubic ramus

Obturator foramen

Pubic symphysis

Question 5

What forms the pelvic brim (superior pelvic aperture / pelvic inlet)?

Answer 5

Sacral promontory

Arcuate line

Pectineal line

Pubic crest

Question 6

What is the inferior pelvic aperture (pelvic outlet)?

Answer 6

The opening bounded by the pubic symphysis, ischiopubic rami, ischial tuberosities, sacrotuberous ligaments, and coccyx

Question 7

What is the false (greater) pelvis?

Answer 7

The portion of the pelvis above the sup. pelvic aperture

Question 7

What is the true (lesser) pelvis?

Answer 7

The portion of the pelvis below the sup. pelvic aperture

Question 8

What bones make up the lower limb?

Answer 8

Femur

Patella

Tibia

Fibula

Tarsals

Metatarsals

Phalanges

Question 9

Name the tarsal bones.

Answer 9

Talus

Calcaneus

Navicular

Cuboid

Cuneiforms (medial, intermediate, lateral)

Question 10

How many metatarsals are there and how are they numbered?

Answer 10

5 metatarsals, numbered 1–5 (medial to lateral)

Question 11

Name the phalanges of the toes.

Answer 11

Proximal phalanx

Middle phalanx

Distal phalanx

Question 12

What are the major proximal features of the femur?

Answer 12

Head

Neck

Greater trochanter

Lesser trochanter

Question 13

What are the major shaft and distal features of the femur?

Answer 13

Linea aspera

Medial condyle

Lateral condyle

Intercondylar notch

Adductor tubercle

Question 14

What are the major features of the tibia?

Answer 14

Medial condyle

Lateral condyle

Tibial tuberosity

Medial malleolus

Question 15

What are the major features of the fibula?

Answer 15

Head

Neck

Lateral malleolus