JOINTS

Question 1

what are the three functional classifications of joints?

Answer 1

Synarthrosis – immovable

Amphiarthrosis – slightly movable

Diarthrosis – freely movable

Question 2

Which functional joint type allows free movement?

Answer 2

Diarthrosis

Question 3

What are the two main structural classifications of joints?

Answer 3

Solid joints

Synovial joints

Question 3

What types of solid joints exist?

Answer 3

Fibrous joints

Cartilaginous joints

Question 4

What are the three types of fibrous joints?

Answer 4

Suture

Syndesmosis

Gomphosis

Question 4

What type of fibrous joint is found between skull bones?

Answer 4

Suture

Question 4

What type of fibrous joint connects long bones with ligaments?

Answer 4

Syndesmosis

Question 5

What type of fibrous joint anchors teeth in sockets?

Answer 5

Gomphosis

Question 6

What are the two types of cartilaginous joints?

Answer 6

Synchondrosis

Symphysis

Question 7

What characterizes a synchondrosis?

Answer 7

Bones united by hyaline cartilage

Question 8

What characterizes a symphysis?

Answer 8

Bones united by fibrocartilage

Question 8

What structures are found in a typical synovial joint?

Answer 8

Articular (hyaline) cartilage

Joint cavity

Synovial membrane

Fibrous (articular) capsule

Ligaments

Periosteum

Question 9

What produces synovial fluid?

Answer 9

Synovial membrane

Question 10

What is the function of articular cartilage?

Answer 10

Reduces friction and absorbs shock

Question 11

What synovial joints are monoaxial?

Answer 11

Hinge joint

Pivot joint

Question 12

Give an example of a hinge joint.

Answer 12

Elbow joint

Question 12

Give an example of a pivot joint.

Answer 12

Proximal radioulnar joint

Question 13

What synovial joints are biaxial?

Answer 13

Saddle joint

Condyloid joint

Question 14

Give an example of a saddle joint.

Answer 14

First carpometacarpal joint

Question 15

What synovial joints are multiaxial?

Answer 15

Ball-and-socket joints

Question 15

Give an example of a condyloid joint.

Answer 15

Radiocarpal joint

Question 16

Give an example of a ball-and-socket joint.

Answer 16

Hip joint

Question 16

What type of synovial joint is nonaxial?

Answer 16

Plane joint

Question 17

What structures make up the intervertebral disc?

Answer 17

Nucleus pulposus

Annulus fibrosus

Question 18

Name major ligaments of the vertebral column.

Answer 18

Anterior longitudinal ligament Posterior longitudinal ligament Ligamentum flavum Supraspinous ligament Interspinous ligament

Question 19

What structures stabilize the shoulder joint?

Answer 19

Glenoid labrum Glenohumeral ligaments Coracohumeral ligament Articular capsule Subacromial bursa

Question 20

Name major ligaments of the elbow joint.

Answer 20

Ulnar collateral ligament Radial collateral ligament Annular ligament

Question 21

What joints make up the wrist?

Answer 21

Radiocarpal joint Midcarpal joint

Question 22

Name major ligaments of the wrist.

Answer 22

Palmar radiocarpal ligament Palmar ulnocarpal ligament Medial collateral ligament Lateral collateral ligament

Question 23

Name major ligaments of the hip joint.

Answer 23

Iliofemoral ligament Pubofemoral ligament Ischiofemoral ligament

Question 24

What structures deepen and stabilize the hip joint?

Answer 24

Acetabular labrum Ligament of the femoral head Articular capsule

Question 25

Name the major ligaments of the knee.

Answer 25

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) Tibial (medial) collateral ligament Fibular (lateral) collateral ligament

Question 26

What are the menisci and what is their function?

Answer 26

Medial and lateral fibrocartilage pads that absorb shock and stabilize the knee

Question 27

What is the major medial ligament of the ankle?

Answer 27

Medial (deltoid) ligament