Atomic Structure

Question 1

proton

Answer 1

particle with a positive charge

Question 2

electron

Answer 2

particle with a negative charge

Question 3

neutron

Answer 3

particle with no charge

Question 4

electron cloud

Answer 4

area around the nucleus where electrons are most likely found

Question 5

nucleus

Answer 5

the central area of an atom composed of protons and neutrons

Question 6

When does an atom have a neutral charge?

Answer 6

When the number of protons and electrons are equal.

Question 7

Which particle has a mass of 1 amu?

Answer 7

neutron and proton

Question 8

the atomic number = the number of

Answer 8

protons

Question 9

____ + ____ = atomic mass

Answer 9

number of protons + number of neutrons

Question 10

Which particle determines the identity of the element?

Answer 10

proton

Question 11

Where is the majority of the mass located in the atom?

Answer 11

nucleus

Question 12

The order of the periodic table is determined by the number of __________.

Answer 12

protons

Question 13

How many periods are on the periodic table?

Answer 13

seven

Question 14

All atoms of the elements in a specific period have the same number of electron _________

Answer 14

shells

Question 15

How many electron shells does Magnesium have?

Answer 15

three

Question 16

How many groups are on the periodic table?

Answer 16

18

Question 17

Atoms of elements in the same group/family have the same number of __________ in the outer
electron shells of their atoms (known as ________ ____________)

Answer 17

electrons
valence electrons

Question 18

How many valence electrons do elements in group two have?

Answer 18

two

Question 19

Elements in groups usually have similar _________ and ________ properties.

Answer 19

physical
chemical

Question 20

What is the ability of atoms to react together?

Answer 20

chemical bond

Question 21

What physical property (state of matter) is characteristic of all the elements in the group located in the
rightmost column of the periodic table?

Answer 21

gas state

Question 22

Why do the noble gasses rarely react with other atoms?

Answer 22

They have eight valence electrons which fills their outermost shell.

Question 23

Which category do most elements belong to?

Answer 23

metals

Question 24

Which category do most elements along the zig-zag line belong to?

Answer 24

metalloids

Question 25

What is the only non-metal that is not on the upper right side of the periodic table?

Answer 25

hydrogen

Question 26

What state of matter (solid, liquid or gas) are most metals?

Answer 26

solids

Question 27

What state of matter are most non-metals?

Answer 27

gases

Question 28

One column (up and down) on the periodic table is called a ________.

Answer 28

group

Question 29

One row (across) on the periodic table is called a _____.

Answer 29

period

Question 30

Where are the most reactive metals located on the periodic table?

Answer 30

Group 1A - the far left column

Question 31

Where are the most reactive non-metals located on the periodic table?

Answer 31

upper right corner, group 17 called the halogens