Science Midterm

Question 1

How do you find the mass of an atom?

Answer 1

protons + neutrons

Question 2

An atom has 6 electrons, 6 protons, and 6 neutrons. What is the mass of the atom?

Answer 2

6 protons + 6 neutrons = 12

Question 3

Where is the majority of an atom’s mass found?

Answer 3

nucleus

Question 4

In which direction are groups/families on the periodic table and what do they have in common?

Answer 4

In columns (up/down, vertical); they share similar chemical properties and the same number of valence electrons determining reactivity.

Question 5

In which direction are periods on the periodic table and what do they have in common?

Answer 5

rows (left/right, horizontal); they share the same number of electron shells.

Question 6

Which two are compounds?

Neon, Ozone, Water, Nitrogen, Ammonia

Answer 6

Water and Ammonia

Question 7

Does potential or kinetic energy depend an object’s mass and height?

Answer 7

potential

Question 8

Does potential or kinetic energy depend on an object’s mass and speed?

Answer 8

kinetic

Question 9

Kinetic energy and mass are ________ __________ when speed is constant.

Answer 9

directly proportional

Question 10

If mass is doubled, kinetic energy ________.

Answer 10

Doubles

Question 11

Example of gravitational potential energy

Answer 11

rock on edge of cliff

Question 12

example of elastic potential energy

Answer 12

stretched rubber band

Question 13

example of nuclear potential energy

Answer 13

nuclear fission in a power plant

Question 14

example of chemical potential energy

Answer 14

food, batteries, gasoline

Question 15

example of thermal kinetic energy

Answer 15

heat from a camp fire

Question 16

example of sound kinetic energy

Answer 16

a dog barking

Question 17

example of mechanical kinetic energy

Answer 17

riding a bike

Question 18

example of electrical kinetic energy

Answer 18

lightning, toaster, vacuum

Question 19

What is conduction?

Answer 19

heat transfer through direct contact

Question 20

What is convection?

Answer 20

heat transfer through a fluid (liquid or gas)

Convection cycle

Question 21

What is radiation?

Answer 21

heat transfer through electromagnetic waves

Question 22

What do conduction, convection, and radiation have in common?

Answer 22

They all transfer heat

Question 23

An example of conduction, convection or radiation?

A very dense metal rod and a wooden stick are placed on a heated surface. The metal rod feels much hotter much faster than the wooden stick.

Answer 23

conduction

Question 24

An example of conduction, convection or radiation?

Sunlight passes through a window of a car and causes the car seats to get hot.

Answer 24

radiation

Question 25

An example of conduction, convection or radiation? Heat rises in a chimney.

Answer 25

convection

Question 26

What type of energy sequence works best for a hair dryer?

Answer 26

electrical to thermal

Question 27

What type of energy sequence works best for an electric/plug in saw?

Answer 27

electric to mechanical

Question 28

What type of energy sequence works best for a toaster?

Answer 28

electrical to thermal

Question 29

What type of energy sequence works best for a shredder?

Answer 29

electrical to mechanical

Question 30

What type of energy sequence works best for coal burning?

Answer 30

chemical to thermal

Question 31

What type of energy sequence works best for a battery operated train?

Answer 31

chemical to electrical to mechanical

Question 32

What are the characteristics of a physical change?

Answer 32

a change in size, shape, form or state; no new substance is formed

Question 33

What are the characteristics of a chemical change?

Answer 33

a change in the physical and chemical properties and a new substance is formed

Question 34

Physical or chemical change? Table salt dissolving in water

Answer 34

Physical because no new substance is formed

Question 35

Physical or chemical change? lighting a match

Answer 35

chemical because it creates heat and new substances

Question 36

Physical or chemical change? burning paper with a candle

Answer 36

chemical because it creates a new substance

Question 37

Physical or chemical change? Ice melting

Answer 37

physical because it is a change in stat3e

Question 38

Physical or chemical change? a cake is cut into five pieces

Answer 38

physical because it is a change in size

Question 39

Describe the properties of a solid

Answer 39

shape is definite; volume is definite; particles are compact/tight

Question 40

Describe the properties of a liquid.

Answer 40

shape is indefinite; volume is definite; particle arrangement is close together but random

Question 41

describe the properties of a gas

Answer 41

shape is indefinite; volume is indefinite; particle arrangement is far apart and random

Question 42

describe the properties of plasma

Answer 42

shape is indefinite; volume indefinite; particle arrangement is loosely arranged charged particles

Question 43

When a sample of mercury changes state from a liquid to a solid, what happens to the atoms in terms of particle movement and kinetic energy change?

Answer 43

the particles becomes more compact and kinetic energy and movement decreases

Question 44

What is the Law of Conservation of Mass?

Answer 44

Mass can be neither created nor destroyed but rather changes forms or is rearranged.