Unit 3 Study Guide

Question 1

Fill in the blank with greater or less.

If two objects of different masses are about to be dropped from he same height, the one with more mass has a __________ gravitational potential energy.

Answer 1

greater

Question 2

If two marbles are rolled down a ramp from the same height toward a container, the (low mass or high mass) marble will move the container farther because it has more (potential or kinetic) energy as it reaches the bottom of the ramp.

Answer 2

high mass
kinetic

Question 3

If one water balloon is held 1 meter off the ground and another water balloon of the same size is held 3 meters off the ground, the (higher or lower) balloon has more potential energy.

Answer 3

higher

Question 4

Potential or Kinetic energy depends on object’s mass and height.

Answer 4

potential

Question 5

Potential or kinetic energy depends on an object’s mass and speed.

Answer 5

kinetic

Question 6

Explain the transfer of energy in a waterfall using Potential Energy and Kinetic Energy.

Answer 6

At the top of the waterfall, the water’s potential energy is at its max while the kinetic energy is at its low. As gravity allows the water to fall, it picks up speed and its potential energy is transferred to kinetic energy. At the bottom of the waterfall before hitting, kinetic energy is at is max while the potential energy is at its low.

Question 7

What is an example of gravitational potential energy?

Answer 7

top of a roller coaster

Question 8

What is an example of elastic potential energy?

Answer 8

a loaded catapult

Question 9

What is an example of nuclear potential energy?

Answer 9

core of the sun
atomic bombs

Question 10

What is an example of chemical potential energy?

Answer 10

rechargeable battery
food
gasoline

Question 11

What is an example of thermal kinetic energy?

Answer 11

heat from a fire

Question 12

What is an example of sound kinetic energy?

Answer 12

a ringtone
a text tone

Question 13

What is an example of mechanical kinetic energy?

Answer 13

running a marathon

Question 14

What is an example of electrical kinetic energy?

Answer 14

plugged in alarm clock

Question 15

Sequence of energy of a hair dryer

Answer 15

chemical —> thermal

Question 16

Sequence of energy of a electric saw

Answer 16

electrical —> mechanical

Question 17

Sequence of energy of a battery operated train

Answer 17

chemical –> electrical –> mechanical

Question 18

Sequence of energy of a gasoline powered generator lighting a house

Answer 18

chemical –>mechanical–> electrical –> light

Question 19

Sequence of energy of coal burning

Answer 19

chemical –> thermal

Question 20

Sequence of energy of a toaster

Answer 20

electrical –> thermal

Question 21

Differences between conduction, convection, and radiation.

Answer 21

Conduction: direct contact, kinetic energy of particles/molecules, slowest

convection: requires fluid (liquid or gas), transfers heat through electromagnetic waves, fast

radiation: no medium required, transfers heat through electromagnetic waves, fastest

Question 22

What do conduction, convection, and radiation all do?

Answer 22

transfer heat

Question 23

What type of heat is responsible for a very dense metal rod and a wooden stick are placed on a heated surface. The metal rod feels much hotter much faster than the wooden stick.

Answer 23

conduction

Question 24

What type of heat is responsible for sunlight passes through the window of a car and causes the car seats to get hot

Answer 24

radiation

Question 25

What type of heat is responsible for boiling water in the pot warms the metal spoon inside the pot

Answer 25

convection

Question 26

What type of heat is responsible for heat rises in the chimney

Answer 26

convection

Question 27

Conduction, Convection, or Radiation? heat you feel from a fireplace

Answer 27

radiation

Question 28

Conduction, Convection, or Radiation? causes Earth's crust to move

Answer 28

convection

Question 29

Conduction, Convection, or Radiation? boiling water

Answer 29

convection

Question 30

Conduction, Convection, or Radiation? frying a pancake

Answer 30

conduction

Question 31

Conduction, Convection, or Radiation? transfer through solids

Answer 31

conduction

Question 32

Conduction, Convection, or Radiation? transfer through fluids

Answer 32

convection

Question 33

Conduction, Convection, or Radiation? sunrays reaching earth

Answer 33

radiation

Question 34

Conduction, Convection, or Radiation? an ice cube melting in your hand

Answer 34

conduction

Question 35

In the event you are in a building that catches fire, you should drop to the floor and crawl to safety. Why is it important to stay close to the floor?

Answer 35

smoke and heat rises and convection causes less dense heated air to rise to the top while more dense air with less thermal energy sinks to the floor

Question 36

How is thermal energy transferred during heat conduction within a metal wire?

Answer 36

Transfer of kinetic energy between colliding particles

Question 37

During heat transfer, energy always travels from areas with ________ thermal energy to areas with ____________ thermal energy.

Answer 37

higher lower

Question 38

When one form of energy is converted into other forms of energy, what happens to the total amount of energy?

Answer 38

It remains the same always due to the Law of Conservation of Energy